Shloka 107

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

Devanagari script

कुन्तीनन्दन! ऐसी प्रसिद्धि है कि यह सांख्यशास्त्र ही उस निराकार परमात्माका आकार है। भरतश्रेष्ठ! जितने ज्ञान हैं, वे सब सांख्यकी ही मान्यताका प्रतिपादन करते हैं ।।

Transliteration

dvividhānīha bhūtāni pṛthivyāṃ pṛthivīpate | jaḍam āgama-saṃjñāni jaṅgamaṃ tu viśiṣyate ||

Translation

Бхишма сказал: «О сын Кунти, широко известно: само учение санкхьи и есть “форма” бесформенного Параматмана. О лучший из Бхарат, все виды знания утверждают воззрение санкхьи. И, о владыка земли, на этой земле существа бывают двух родов—неподвижные и подвижные, как учит предание. Из них подвижные считаются превосходящими.»

Word by Word

• द्विविधानि: of two kinds
• द्विविधानि: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्विविध
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• भूतानि: beings; creatures
• भूतानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• पृथिव्याम्: on the earth
• पृथिव्याम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• पृथिवीपते: O lord of the earth
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवीपति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• जडम्: immobile; inert
• जडम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जड
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• आगमसंज्ञानि: known/denoted by the term 'āgama' (scriptural tradition)
• आगमसंज्ञानि: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आगमसंज्ञ
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• जडम्: the immobile (class)
• जडम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जड
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but; however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• विशिष्यते: is distinguished; excels
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-शिष्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira (implied by address pṛthivīpate/king in Shanti Parva dialogue)
• Earth (pṛthivī)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse classifies earthly beings into two categories—immobile (sthāvara/jaḍa) and mobile (jaṅgama)—and states that mobile beings are superior, aligning with traditional/scriptural classifications used in ethical and philosophical discussions about life, agency, and responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva instruction, Bhishma continues advising the king (Yudhishthira) on philosophical and dharmic principles; here he introduces a basic ontological division of living beings as a foundation for further reasoning about value, conduct, and governance.