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Shloka 29

Śiśupāla-vākya: Bhīṣma-nindā and the ‘Haṃsa’ Exemplum (शिशुपालवाक्यम् — भीष्मनिन्दा, हंसदृष्टान्तः)

ऊर्ध्व॑ तिर्यगधश्चैव यावती जगतो गति: । सदेवकेषु लोकेषु भगवान्‌ केशवो मुखम्‌

ūrdhvaṁ tiryag adhaś caiva yāvatī jagato gatiḥ | sadevakeṣu lokeṣu bhagavān keśavo mukham | sūrya-candra-nakṣatra-grahā diśaś ca vidiśaś ca sarvaṁ tasmin pratiṣṭhitam | yathā vedeṣv agnihotraṁ karmasu gāyatrī chandaḥsu manuṣyeṣu rājā nadīṣu samudraḥ nakṣatreṣu candramāḥ tejasviṣu sūryaḥ parvateṣu meruḥ pakṣiṣu garuḍaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ | tathā devaloka-sahiteṣu sarveṣu lokeṣu ūrdhva-adho-dakṣiṇa-vāma-yāvatīṣu gatiṣu sarvāśrayeṣu śrīkṛṣṇa eva śreṣṭhaḥ |

Бхишма сказал: куда бы ни двигался мир — вверх, в сторону или вниз — во всех областях, вместе с богами, Благословенный Кешава пребывает как первейший. Солнце и Луна, созвездия и планеты, стороны света и промежуточные направления — всё утверждено в Нём. Как среди ведических обрядов возвышается Агнихотра, среди размеров — Гаятри, среди людей — царь, среди вод — океан, среди звёзд — Луна, среди светил — Солнце, среди гор — Меру, среди птиц — Гаруда, так и во всех мирах, включая божественный, среди всякой опоры и прибежища бытия во всех направлениях один лишь Шри Кришна — высший.

ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
FormAvyaya (directional adverb)
तिर्यक्sideways, across
तिर्यक्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिर्यक्
FormAvyaya (directional adverb)
अधःdownwards, below
अधः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधस्
FormAvyaya (directional adverb)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya (emphatic particle)
यावतीas much as, to whatever extent
यावती:
TypeAdjective
Rootयावत्
FormFeminine, nominative singular
जगतःof the world
जगतः:
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, genitive singular
गतिःmovement, course, range
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, nominative singular
सदेवकेषुin (the worlds) together with the gods
सदेवकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-देवक
FormMasculine/Neuter, locative plural
लोकेषुin the worlds
लोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, locative plural
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, nominative singular
केशवःKeshava (Krishna)
केशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, nominative singular
मुखम्face; (as) the foremost
मुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुख
FormNeuter, nominative singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhagavān Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
S
Sūrya (Sun)
C
Candra/Candramā (Moon)
N
Nakṣatra (constellations)
G
Graha (planets)
D
Diśa (directions)
V
Vidiśā (intermediate directions)
V
Veda
A
Agnihotra
G
Gāyatrī
R
Rājā (king)
S
Samudra (ocean)
M
Meru
G
Garuḍa
D
Devaloka (world of the gods)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the supremacy of Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Keśava) as the ultimate support and highest principle across all realms and directions; all cosmic powers and excellences are grounded in Him, and analogies from ritual, metre, nature, and kingship illustrate how one ‘best’ stands out within each domain.

Bhīṣma is speaking in the Sabha Parva context, offering a theological praise of Kṛṣṇa. He frames Kṛṣṇa as the foremost reality in the universe and supports this claim through a series of well-known hierarchies (Agnihotra among rites, Gāyatrī among metres, Meru among mountains, Garuḍa among birds, etc.).