Shloka 45

Devanagari script

योधा: सर्वे महाराज तावका: प्राद्रवन्‌ भयात्‌ | महाराज! इस प्रकार जब जगतमें अँधेरा छा गया और भूतलपर धूल-ही-धूल उड़ने लगी, तब आपके समस्त योद्धा भयभीत होकर भाग गये ।। ४४ ई ।। सम्भज्यमाने सैन्ये तु कुरुराजो विशाम्पते

Transliteration

yodhāḥ sarve mahārāja tāvakāḥ prādravan bhayāt |

Translation

Санджая сказал: О великий царь, все твои воины, охваченные страхом, обратились в бегство. Когда тьма разлилась и над землёй поднялась густая пыль, войско кауравов утратило стойкость и рассыпалось в паническом отступлении.

Word by Word

• योधाः: warriors
• योधाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तावकाः: your (men)
• तावकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तावक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्राद्रवन्: ran away / fled
• प्राद्रवन्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + द्रु
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• भयात्: from fear
• भयात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• सम्भज्यमाने: while (it) was being broken/put to rout (i.e., as the army was being shattered)
• सम्भज्यमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + भज्
• Form: Present passive participle (Śatṛ/Śānac in passive sense; -माने form), Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सैन्ये: in the army
• सैन्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कुरुराजः: the king of the Kurus
• कुरुराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people
• विशाम्पते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Kaurava warriors (tāvakāḥ yodhāḥ)