Shloka 4

Nakṣatra-yoga-anusāreṇa Dāna-vidhiḥ

Gifts prescribed according to lunar mansions and yogas

Devanagari script

याच्यमाहुरनीशस्य अभिहारं च भारत | उद्वेजयन्ति याचन्ति सदा भूतानि दस्युवत्‌

Transliteration

yācyam āhur anīśasya abhihāraṃ ca bhārata | udvejayanti yācanti sadā bhūtāni dasyuvat, bhārata! |

Translation

Бхишма сказал: «О Бхарата, попрошайничество объявлено уделом того, кто лишён силы и независимости, и также считается своего рода оскорблением. Ибо существа, что беспрестанно просят, тревожат других, подобно разбойникам,—вновь и вновь вызывая беспокойство своими просьбами».

Word by Word

• याच्यम्: begging / what is to be begged
• याच्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: याच्य (याच् धातु से कृदन्त; ‘याचनीय’)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आहुः: they say
• आहुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (ब्रू/अह् ‘to say’)
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Plural

• अनीशस्य: of the helpless / powerless man
• अनीशस्य: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनीश (a- + ईश ‘lord’; ‘helpless’)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अभिहारम्: insult / affront
• अभिहारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिहार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• उद्वेजयन्ति: they alarm / disturb
• उद्वेजयन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + विज् (उद्विज् ‘to agitate, alarm’)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural

• याचन्ति: they beg
• याचन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: याच्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural

• सदा: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

• भूतानि: creatures / beings (people)
• भूतानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• दस्युवत्: like robbers
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दस्यु + वत्
• Form: Indeclinable (vat-usage as adverbial comparison), N/A, N/A

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Bharata (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma warns that habitual begging is seen as a mark of dependence and becomes socially contemptible because it repeatedly troubles others; one should strive for self-sufficiency and avoid causing distress through constant solicitation.

What is happening in the narrative?

In his instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira (addressed as ‘Bharata’), Bhishma comments on the social and ethical perception of begging, comparing persistent beggars to robbers in the way they unsettle people.