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Shloka 21

अन्नदान-प्रशंसा (Praise of the Gift of Food) | Annadāna-Praśaṃsā

निवापदानसलिलस्तादृशेषु युधिष्ठिर । निवसन्‌ पूजयंश्लैव तेष्वानृण्यं नियच्छति

nivāpadānasalilas tādṛśeṣu yudhiṣṭhira | nivasan pūjayaṁś caiva teṣv ānṛṇyaṁ niyacchati ||

Бхишма сказал: «О Юдхиштхира, тот, кто насыщает таких людей “водой” даров—подобно возлиянию тарпаны (tarpaṇa),—и позволяет им жить (при нём), почитая их, тем самым обретает освобождение от долгов. Потому поддерживай удовлетворёнными упомянутых брахманов, как удовлетворяют Питров тарпаной, водою милостыни; даруй им кров и уважение. Поступая так, человек освобождается от долгов перед богами и прочими».

निवापदानसलिलैःwith the water (i.e., libations) of offerings and gifts
निवापदानसलिलैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootनिवाप-दान-सलिल
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
तादृशेषुamong such (persons)
तादृशेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
निवसन्dwelling / residing
निवसन्:
कर्ता
TypeVerb
Rootनिवस्
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन, शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
पूजयन्honouring / worshipping
पूजयन्:
कर्ता
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन, शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेषुin/among them
तेषु:
अधिकारण
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
आनृण्यम्freedom from debt (discharge of obligation)
आनृण्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootआनृण्य
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
नियच्छतिattains / obtains / secures
नियच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-यम्
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Brahmanas
P
Pitrs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)

Educational Q&A

Charity and respectful hospitality—especially toward worthy Brahmanas—functions like a sacred libation (tarpaṇa): it ‘satisfies’ them and helps the giver discharge moral and ritual obligations (ṛṇa), leading to ānṛṇya, freedom from debt to devas, ancestors, and other claimants of duty.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing Yudhishthira on dharma. Here he urges Yudhishthira to support and honor the previously described Brahmanas by giving them residence and gifts, comparing such giving to the ancestral rite of tarpaṇa, and stating that this conduct frees one from obligations.