Shloka 16

Gārhasthya-dharma: Vāsudeva–Pṛthivī-saṃvāda

Householder Duties and Daily Offerings

Devanagari script

इस प्रकार बलि समर्पण करके ब्राह्मणको विधिपूर्वक भिक्षा दे। यदि ब्राह्मण न मिले तो अन्नमेंसे थोड़ा-सा अग्रग्रास निकालकर उसका अग्निमें होम कर दे ।।

Transliteration

yadā śrāddhaṃ pitṛbhyo 'pi dātum icchet mānavaḥ | tadā paścāt prakurvīta nivṛtte śrāddhakarmaṇi ||

Translation

Так, совершив подношение бали, следует по обряду подать милостыню брахману. Если брахмана не найдётся, нужно отделить от пищи малую первейшую долю и совершить её хому, возложив в огонь. А если человек желает также совершить шраддху для Питров (духов предков), то пусть делает это лишь затем — после того как основное шраддха-действие будет должным образом завершено.

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha (funeral/ancestor rite)
• श्राद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पितृभ्यः: to the ancestors
• पितृभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• दातुम्: to give
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• इच्छेत्: should wish/desire
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), present-system optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मानवः: a man/person
• मानवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्

• प्रकुर्वीत: should perform/do
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + कृ
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), present-system optative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• निवृत्ते: when (it is) finished/ended
• निवृत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + वृत्त
• Form: Kta (past passive participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular

• श्राद्धकर्मणि: in the śrāddha-rite
• श्राद्धकर्मणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्धकर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Pitṛs (ancestors)
• Śrāddha (rite)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ritual duties should be performed in the correct sequence: if one intends to offer to the ancestors as well, that offering must be done only after the main śrāddha rite is properly concluded, preserving dharmic order and purity of intention.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is giving prescriptive guidance on śrāddha procedure, specifying when an additional offering to the Pitṛs should be performed—namely, only after the completion of the ongoing śrāddha ritual.