Shloka 21
Cākṣuṣa–Vaivasvata Manvantara Transition, Deva-Gaṇa Taxonomy, and Loka-Triad Etymology
Bhūr–Antarikṣa–Dyu
Devanagari script
नाथ इत्येष धातुर्वै धातुज्ञैः पालने स्मृतः / यस्माद्भूतस्य लोकस्य भव्यस्य भवतस्तथा
Transliteration
nātha ityeṣa dhāturvai dhātujñaiḥ pālane smṛtaḥ / yasmādbhūtasya lokasya bhavyasya bhavatastathā
Translation
Слово «натха», по мнению знатоков корней, означает «охранять и поддерживать», ибо Он хранит мир прошлого, настоящего и будущего.
Word by Word
nāthaḥ(the word) ‘nātha’
nāthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnātha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)
itithus, ‘as’
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-चिह्न/इति-शब्दः (quotative particle)
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
dhātuḥverbal root
dhātuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdhātu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle/emphatic)
dhātujñaiḥby the knowers of roots (grammarians)
dhātujñaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootdhātu-jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha): धातु + ज्ञ; पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
pālanein the sense of protecting
pālane:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootpālana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative, 7th), एकवचन (Singular)
smṛtaḥis said/remembered
smṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective of subject)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त/ta); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)
yasmātfrom which/because of which
yasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative source)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
bhūtasyaof what has become/being
bhūtasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)
lokasyaof the world
lokasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)
bhavyasyaof what is to be/ future
bhavyasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhavya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)
bhavataḥof/ from the being (or: of you)
bhavataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Genitive/Ablative, 6th/5th), एकवचन (Singular); ‘भवत्’ (you/your honor) stem
tathāso, likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)