Shloka 3

प्लक्षद्वीपवर्णनम्

Description of Plakṣa-dvīpa

Devanagari script

तेनावृतः समुद्रो वै द्वीपेन लवणोदकः / तत्र पुण्या जनपदाश्चिरान्न म्रियते जनः

Transliteration

tenāvṛtaḥ samudro vai dvīpena lavaṇodakaḥ / tatra puṇyā janapadāścirānna mriyate janaḥ

Translation

Солёный океан окружён тем двипой. Там — благочестивые страны; там человек не умирает скоро, но живёт долго.

Word by Word

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter/Masculine (नपुंसक/पुं), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन); refers to dvīpa

• āvṛtaḥ: covered/surrounded
• āvṛtaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āvṛta (कृदन्त; आ+√vṛ वृ, क्त)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); past passive participle qualifying samudraḥ

• samudraḥ: ocean
• samudraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• vai: indeed
• vai: Emphasis (बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphatic

• dvīpena: by the island
• dvīpena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• lavaṇa-udakaḥ: salt-water (ocean)
• lavaṇa-udakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to samudraḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lavaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); ‘salt-water’

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)

• puṇyāḥ: holy/meritorious
• puṇyāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of janapadāḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• janapadāḥ: countries/regions
• janapadāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (existential)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janapada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• cirāt: for a long time/after long (time)
• cirāt: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (पञ्चमी-अर्थे क्रियाविशेषण)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• mriyate: dies
• mriyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √mṛ (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• janaḥ: a person/people
• janaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of mriyate
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)