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Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 41

Sāṅkhya: Categories of the Absolute Truth and the Unfolding of Creation

Tattva-vicāra

Devanagari script

रूपमात्राद्विकुर्वाणात्तेजसो दैवचोदितात् । रसमात्रमभूत्तस्मादम्भो जिह्वा रसग्रह: ॥ ४१ ॥

Transliteration

rūpa-mātrād vikurvāṇāt tejaso daiva-coditāt rasa-mātram abhūt tasmād ambho jihvā rasa-grahaḥ

Translation

Когда теджас (огонь), взаимодействуя с тонким началом формы, претерпевает изменение по высшему устроению, возникает тонкое начало вкуса. Из вкуса проявляется вода, и также возникает язык, воспринимающий вкус.

Synonyms
रूप-मात्रात्from mere form
रूप-मात्रात्:
Apādāna (अपादान; source)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष—‘रूपस्य मात्रम्’
विकुर्वाणात्from (it) transforming
विकुर्वाणात्:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; causal condition)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-√कृ (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; ‘while transforming/modifying’—तेजसः इति सम्बन्धे
तेजसःof fire/tejas
तेजसः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
दैव-चोदितात्from what is divinely impelled
दैव-चोदितात्:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव (प्रातिपदिक) + चोदित (कृदन्त; √चुद्/√चोद्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष—‘दैवेन चोदितम्’ (urged by the divine)
रस-मात्रम्mere taste (subtle essence)
रस-मात्रम्:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of abhūt)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष—‘रसस्य मात्रम्’
अभूत्arose; became
अभूत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
तस्मात्from that
तस्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (अव्यय/सर्वनाम-निपातवत्)
Formअव्यय; अपादानार्थे (therefrom)
अम्भःwater
अम्भः:
Karta (कर्ता; implied—water as product)
TypeNoun
Rootअम्भस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
जिह्वाthe tongue
जिह्वा:
Karta/Viśeṣya (कर्ता/विशेष्य; sense-organ)
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
रस-ग्रहःapprehender of taste
रस-ग्रहः:
Viśeṣaṇa/Predicate (विशेषण/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष—‘रसस्य ग्रहः’ (grasper of taste)
Purport

The tongue is described here as the instrument for acquiring knowledge of taste. Because taste is a product of water, there is always saliva on the tongue.

Characters & Entities
K
Kapila
D
Devahūti

FAQs

This verse states that from the transformation of the subtle principle of form, fire produces the subtle principle of taste, and from taste, water manifests—along with the tongue as the organ that perceives taste.

Kapila teaches Devahūti Sāṅkhya—an analysis of matter and spirit—so she can understand how the body and senses arise and thereby become detached from misidentifying the self with material elements.

Recognize taste and sensory craving as products of material nature; use the tongue in devotion—through regulated diet and chanting—so the senses become purified rather than dragging the mind into attachment.

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