Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 15

The Priyavrata Dynasty Continues: Sumati’s Line and the Glorification of Mahārāja Gaya

Devanagari script

गयाद्गयन्त्यां चित्ररथ: सुगतिरवरोधन इति त्रय: पुत्रा बभूवुश्चित्ररथादूर्णायां सम्राडजनिष्ट तत उत्कलायां मरीचिर्मरीचे ॥ १४ ॥ र्बिन्दुमत्यां बिन्दुमानुदपद्यत तस्मात्सरघायां मधुर्नामाभवन्मधो: सुमनसि वीरव्रतस्ततो भोजायां मन्थुप्रमन्थू जज्ञाते मन्थो: सत्यायां भौवनस्ततो दूषणायां त्वष्टाजनिष्ट त्वष्टुर्विरोचनायां विरजो विरजस्य शतजित्प्रवरं पुत्रशतं कन्या च विषूच्यां किल जातम् ॥ १५ ॥

Transliteration

gayād gayantyāṁ citrarathaḥ sugatir avarodhana iti trayaḥ putrā babhūvuś citrarathād ūrṇāyāṁ samrāḍ ajaniṣṭa; tata utkalāyāṁ marīcir marīcer bindumatyāṁ bindum ānudapadyata tasmāt saraghāyāṁ madhur nāmābhavan madhoḥ sumanasi vīravratas tato bhojāyāṁ manthu-pramanthū jajñāte manthoḥ satyāyāṁ bhauvanas tato dūṣaṇāyāṁ tvaṣṭājaniṣṭa tvaṣṭur virocanāyāṁ virajo virajasya śatajit-pravaraṁ putra-śataṁ kanyā ca viṣūcyāṁ kila jātam.

Translation

В чреве Гаянти у Гаи было три сына: Читраратха, Сугати и Авародхана. У Читраратхи от Урны родился Самрат; у Самрата от Уткалы — Маричи. У Маричи от Биндумати — Бинду; у Бинду от Сарагхи — Мадху. У Мадху от Суманы — Вираврата; у Виравраты от Бходжи — Манту и Праманту. У Манту от Сатьи — Бхаувана; у Бхауваны от Душаны — Твашта. У Твашты от Вирочаны — Вираджа; у Вираджи от Вишучи родились сто сыновей и одна дочь, и Шатаджит был среди них наилучшим.

Synonyms

• gayāt: from Gaya
• gayāt: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• gayantyām: in Gayantī
• gayantyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gayantī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• citrarathaḥ: Citraratha
• citrarathaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citraratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sugatiḥ: Sugati
• sugatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• avarodhanaḥ: Avarodhana
• avarodhanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: avarodhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• iti: thus (named)
• iti: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• trayaḥ: three
• trayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• putrāḥ: sons
• putrāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• babhūvuḥ: were born/came to be
• babhūvuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Parasmaipada

• citrarathāt: from Citraratha
• citrarathāt: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citraratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ūrṇāyām: in (the womb of) Ūrṇā
• ūrṇāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ūrṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• samrāṭ: Samrāṭ
• samrāṭ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samrāj (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ajaniṣṭa: was born
• ajaniṣṭa: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Aorist (लुङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (तसिल्-अव्यय) ‘then/from there’

• utkalāyām: in Utkalā
• utkalāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: utkalā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• marīciḥ: Marīci
• marīciḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: marīci (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• marīceḥ: from Marīci
• marīceḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: marīci (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी) or Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); context: ‘from Marīci’

• bindumatyām: in Bindumatī
• bindumatyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bindumatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• bindum: Bindu (a son named Bindu)
• bindum: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bindu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• anu-apadyata: obtained/begot (lit. came to)
• anu-apadyata: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-āp (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada

• tasmāt: from him/therefrom
• tasmāt: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablatival indeclinable (तस्मात्) used as connective ‘therefrom’

• saraghāyām: in Saraghā
• saraghāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saraghā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• madhuḥ: Madhu
• madhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• nāmā: named
• nāmā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Naming marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Particle-like usage of nāma (नामा/नाम) indicating ‘named’

• abhavat: was/became
• abhavat: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada

• madhoḥ: from Madhu
• madhoḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) or Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); context: ‘of/from Madhu’

• sumanasi: in Sumanā (Sumanas)
• sumanasi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumanas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vīravrataḥ: Vīravrata
• vīravrataḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra + vrata (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); name/epithet ‘Vīravrata’

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Sequence adverb (तसिल्-अव्यय)

• bhojāyām: in Bhojā
• bhojāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhojā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• manthu-pramanthū: Manthu and Pramanthu
• manthu-pramanthū: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manthu + pramanthu (प्रातिपदिक-द्वन्द्व)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); itaretara-dvandva (pair)

• jajñāte: were born
• jajñāte: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन); Ātmanepada

• manthoḥ: from Manthu
• manthoḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manthu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) or Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); context: ‘of/from Manthu’

• satyāyām: in Satyā
• satyāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhauvanaḥ: Bhauvana
• bhauvanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhauvana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Sequence adverb

• dūṣaṇāyām: in Dūṣaṇā
• dūṣaṇāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūṣaṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• tvaṣṭā: Tvaṣṭā
• tvaṣṭā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvaṣṭṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ajaniṣṭa: was born
• ajaniṣṭa: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Aorist (लुङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada

• tvaṣṭuḥ: from Tvaṣṭā
• tvaṣṭuḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvaṣṭṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) or Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); context: ‘of/from Tvaṣṭā’

• virocanāyām: in Virocanā
• virocanāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: virocanā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• virajaḥ: Viraja
• virajaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viraja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• virajasya: of Viraja
• virajasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी/Genitival)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viraja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• śatajit-pravaram: Śatajit, the excellent (one)
• śatajit-pravaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śatajit + pravara (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: ‘excellent (pravara) named Śatajit / Śatajit as the best’

• putra-śatam: a hundred sons
• putra-śatam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra + śata (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu: ‘a hundred sons’ (collective)

• kanyā: a daughter
• kanyā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, additional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-बोधक)

• viṣūcyām: in Viṣūcī
• viṣūcyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣūcī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• kila: indeed/it is said
• kila: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kila (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) indicating report/tradition

• jātam: was born/was produced
• jātam: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative, Singular; used predicatively with implied ‘abhavat’

Characters & Entities

• Gaya
• Gayantī
• Citraratha
• Sugati
• Avarodhana
• Ūrṇā
• Samrāṭ
• Utkalā
• Marīci
• Bindumatī
• Bindumān
• Saraghā
• Madhu
• Sumanā
• Vīravrata
• Bhojā
• Manthu
• Pramanthu
• Satyā
• Bhauvana
• Dūṣaṇā
• Tvaṣṭā
• Virocanā
• Viraja
• Viṣūcī
• Śatajīt

FAQs

What does Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 5 Chapter 15 say about the descendants of King Gaya?

This verse lists the royal lineage beginning from King Gaya—naming his sons and successive descendants (Citraratha, Samrāṭ, Marīci, Bindumān, Madhu, Vīravrata, and onward up to Viraja and Śatajīt), showing the continuation of dharmic kings.

Why does Śukadeva Gosvāmī describe long genealogies in the Bhagavata Purana?

Śukadeva presents these lineages to situate sacred history, connect great personalities across ages, and help the listener remember how dharma and devotion are carried through generations under the Lord’s arrangement.

What is a practical takeaway from these genealogy verses for modern readers?

They encourage remembrance of one’s heritage of values—seeing life as part of a larger, dharmic continuity—and inspire responsibility to pass on devotion, integrity, and spiritual culture to the next generation.