Shloka 22

पितृसर्ग-श्राद्धमाहात्म्य-प्रश्नः

Pitṛ-sarga and the Greatness of Śrāddha: The Inquiry

Devanagari script

ततः पिता मे संतुष्टो वाचा मधुरया तदा । उवाच भारतश्रेष्ठ प्रीयमाणो मयानघ

Transliteration

tataḥ pitā me saṃtuṣṭo vācā madhurayā tadā | uvāca bhārataśreṣṭha prīyamāṇo mayānagha

Translation

Então meu pai, satisfeito, falou naquele momento com palavras doces. Ó o melhor entre os Bhāratas, ó impecável—agradado comigo, dirigiu-se a mim.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (then/thereupon)

• pitā: father
• pitā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• saṃtuṣṭaḥ: satisfied
• saṃtuṣṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-tuṣ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘संतुष्टः’ = pleased/satisfied

• vācā: with words/speech
• vācā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• madhurayā: sweet
• madhurayā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: madhura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying vācā)

• tadā: at that time
• tadā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• uvāca: said/spoke
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• bhārata-śreṣṭha: O best of the Bharatas
• bhārata-śreṣṭha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhārata (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: भारतानां श्रेष्ठः

• prīyamāṇaḥ: being pleased
• prīyamāṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prī (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (शानच्/Present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘प्रीयमाणः’ = being pleased

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karaṇa (करण/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• anagha: O sinless one
• anagha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anagha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; विशेषण-रूपेण संबोधन

Speaker

Parvati (Uma)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Shakti Dimension

Role: nurturing

Ritual Elements

Offering: naivedya

Characters & Entities

• Parvati

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse highlights the Shaiva ethical mood where humility and right conduct evoke grace and blessing; pleasing, truthful speech and approval from elders are presented as supportive conditions for dharma and devotion that ultimately mature into devotion to Pati (Shiva).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

While the verse is narrative, it frames the devotional path: harmony, sweetness of speech, and earned blessings prepare the seeker for Saguna Shiva worship (Linga-upasana) with steadiness and purity—key prerequisites emphasized across the Shiva Purana.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is vāṅ-niyama (discipline of speech): speak gently and truthfully before japa or puja; then perform Panchakshara japa ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with a calm, pleasing mind, as inner purity supports fruitful worship.