Rig Veda 8.37.2: Mandala 8, Sukta 37, Mantra 2

Sukta 8.37

Rishi: Not specified in excerpt

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Jagatī (likely; same refrain as 8.37.1)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सेहान उग्र पृतना अभि द्रुहः शचीपत इन्द्र विश्वाभिरूतिभिः । माध्यंदिनस्य सवनस्य वृत्रहन्ननेद्य पिबा सोमस्य वज्रिवः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.37.2

Transliteration

sehāná ugra pṛ́tanā abhí drúhaḥ śacī-pate índra víśvābhir ū́tibhiḥ | mādhyáṃdinasya sávanasya vṛtra-hann anédya píbā sómasya vajrivaḥ ||

Translation

Ó Indra terrível, avançando impetuoso, enfrenta as perfídias nas batalhas — com todos os teus auxílios (ūti). No prensar do meio-dia (savana), ó Vṛtrahan, irrepreensível, bebe do Soma, ó Vajrin, portador da Vajra.

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Word by Word

• सेहानः: conquering, prevailing
• सेहानः: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: सह् (dhātu) → सेह (perf./aor. stem) / kṛdanta from √सह

• उग्र: fierce, mighty
• उग्र: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (prātipadika)

• पृतनाः: battles, hosts (in battle)
• पृतनाः: Kartā (subject of implied verb ‘are/stand’ with अभि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (prātipadika)

• अभि: against, upon
• अभि: — (preverb/adverbial: ‘against, towards’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (upasarga/avyaya)

• द्रुहः: the hostile ones, deceivers
• द्रुहः: Karma (object of the hostile motion/attack implied with अभि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुह् (prātipadika from √द्रुह् ‘to harm’)

• शचीपते: O lord of power (Indra)
• शचीपते: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: शचीपति (prātipadika)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• विश्वाभिः: with all
• विश्वाभिः: Karaṇa (instrumental qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika)

• ऊतिभिः: with helps, with protections
• ऊतिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (prātipadika)

• माध्यंदिनस्य: of the midday
• माध्यंदिनस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: माध्यंदिन (prātipadika)

• सवनस्य: of the pressing (Soma-pressing)
• सवनस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (prātipadika)

• वृत्रहन्: O slayer of Vṛtra
• वृत्रहन्: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (prātipadika)

• अननेद्य: O blameless one
• अननेद्य: Sambodhana (address/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: अननेद्य (prātipadika; ‘not to be blamed’)

• पिब: drink!
• पिब: (predicate); agent is the addressed Indra
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (dhātu ‘to drink’)

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: Sambandha (genitive with implied object: ‘of Soma’ = Soma-juice)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• वज्रिवः: O wielder of the vajra
• वज्रिवः: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वज्रिन् (prātipadika)