Rig Veda Sukta 63
Mandala 7Sukta 636 Mantras

Sukta 63

Sukta 7.63

Rishi

Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra; Mandala 7 attribution)

Devata

Sūrya/Savitṛ in association with Mitra–Varuṇa (solar vision as their 'eye')

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical of Mandala 7 hymns)

Este hino de seis versos em triṣṭubh, de Vasiṣṭha, celebra Sūrya/Savitṛ erguendo-se como a luz universal e onividente que revela e dissipa a escuridão oculta, tornando possíveis a atividade humana e a ordem correta. O Sol é louvado como o «olho» de Mitra–Varuṇa, ligando a visão solar à soberania dos Āditya, à verdade e à clareza moral. O hino culmina numa prece a Mitra, Varuṇa e Aryaman por amplo espaço, caminhos seguros e bem-estar duradouro.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.63

Mantras

Mantra 1

उद्वेति सुभगो विश्वचक्षाः साधारणः सूर्यो मानुषाणाम् । चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य देवश्चर्मेव यः समविव्यक्तमांसि ॥

Ergue-se o bem-aventurado, fulgente, de visão universal: Sūrya, bem comum dos mortais. Ele é o olho de Mitra e de Varuṇa; como uma pele bem estendida, ele se expande e torna manifestas as trevas ocultas.

Mantra 2

उद्वेति प्रसवीता जनानां महान्केतुरर्णवः सूर्यस्य । समानं चक्रं पर्याविवृत्सन्यदेतशो वहति धूर्षु युक्तः ॥

Ergue-se o Impulsionador dos povos, o grande Sinal — vasto como o oceano — de Sūrya. Ele faz girar, sem cessar, a mesma roda; e o corcel Etaśa, jungido às varas, leva-o adiante — segundo a lei constante do percurso da luz.

Mantra 3

विभ्राजमान उषसामुपस्थाद्रेभैरुदेत्यनुमद्यमानः । एष मे देवः सविता चच्छन्द यः समानं न प्रमिनाति धाम ॥

Resplandecendo do regaço das Auroras (Uṣas), ele se ergue com o canto dos videntes, jubiloso em seu avanço. Este deus Savitṛ anuiu ao meu anseio — ele que não diminui a morada constante da Luz.

Mantra 4

दिवो रुक्म उरुचक्षा उदेति दूरेअर्थस्तरणिर्भ्राजमानः । नूनं जनाः सूर्येण प्रसूता अयन्नर्थानि कृणवन्नपांसि ॥

O esplendor dourado do céu, de visão ampla, ergue-se — de intento que alcança longe, vencedor radiante. Agora, de fato, os homens, impelidos pelo Sol (Sūrya), seguem para seus fins e cumprem suas obras: a luz solta a ação eficaz.

Mantra 5

यत्रा चक्रुरमृता गातुमस्मै श्येनो न दीयन्नन्वेति पाथः । प्रति वां सूर उदिते विधेम नमोभिर्मित्रावरुणोत हव्यैः ॥

Onde os Imortais lhe fizeram o caminho para seguir, ali ele o acompanha, como um falcão, sem tardança, pela vereda. Ao nascer do Sol, queremos prestar-vos culto, ó Mitra e Varuṇa, com reverências e com oferendas: firmem em nós a passagem reta da Luz.

Mantra 6

नू मित्रो वरुणो अर्यमा नस्त्मने तोकाय वरिवो दधन्तु । सुगा नो विश्वा सुपथानि सन्तु यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥

Que agora Mitra, Varuṇa e Aryaman nos concedam — para nós mesmos e para nossa linhagem em crescimento — amplo espaço e liberdade. Que todos os nossos caminhos sejam fáceis de trilhar e bem guiados; e vós, guardai-nos sempre com vossos modos de bem-estar.

Inside Sukta 63

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The Sun rises as the fortunate, universal, all-seeing power—shared by all humans—and as the eye of Mitra–Varuṇa that reveals what darkness hides.

  2. Development

    Solar radiance expands, reaches far, and overcomes; with that light, human beings are stirred into motion and their works become possible and effective.

  3. Climax

    The recognition of solar vision as an Āditya function: light is not merely physical illumination but the manifestation of ṛta—exposure of obscurity and establishment of right guidance.

  4. Where it settles

    A direct petition to Mitra, Varuṇa, and Aryaman for wide freedom (varivas), good and well-guided paths (sugāḥ supathāni), and continual protection through svasti.

The deity: Sūrya/Savitṛ in association with Mitra–Varuṇa

  • In the VedaSūrya rises as viśvacakṣāḥ (“all-seeing”), the common light for all humans, and is explicitly called the “eye of Mitra and Varuṇa,” spreading out like a skin drawn wide to make darkness manifest. Savitṛ’s impulse is felt as the force that sets beings in motion toward their work and aims, while the Ādityas stand behind this vision as guardians of truth and lawful order.
  • Cosmic functionIllumines the worlds, measures time, awakens beings, and makes the paths of action visible; as the Ādityas’ ‘eye,’ solar vision serves ṛta by exposing concealment and sustaining social and cosmic regularity.
  • Inner significanceAwakening of discernment (viveka): the inner sun that reveals obscurities, energizes purposeful action, and aligns the mind and conduct with truth, clarity, and well-guided paths.

The seer

  • VasiṣṭhaVasiṣṭha-gotra · Foremost seer of Mandala 7, renowned for hymns to the Ādityas (especially Varuṇa–Mitra) and for articulating ṛta (cosmic/moral order) and protective blessings (svasti) in a lucid, authoritative style.

Famous verses

cakṣur mitrasya varuṇasya
Verse 7.63.1Defines the hymn’s core theology: Sūrya as the universal light and explicitly the ‘eye of Mitra and Varuṇa,’ revealing concealed darkness—linking illumination with ṛta and moral clarity.Read verse 7.63.1 →
दिवो रुक्म उरुचक्षा उदेति दूरेअर्थस्तरणिर्भ्राजमानः । नूनं जनाः सूर्येण प्रसूता अयन्नर्थानि कृणवन्नपांसि ॥
Verse 7.63.4Shows the practical consequence of solar awakening: the Sun impels people toward aims and enables accomplishment of works, presenting light as the condition for effective action.Read verse 7.63.4 →
sugā no viśvā supathāni santu
Verse 7.63.6Concluding benediction to the Ādityas (Mitra–Varuṇa–Aryaman) for spacious freedom, good paths, and constant well-being—often used as a compact prayer for guidance and protection.Read verse 7.63.6 →

Attributes of the deity

  • All-seeing (viśvacakṣas)
  • Revealer of hidden darkness
  • Impetus to action (prasūti)
  • Guardian-aligned vision (eye of Mitra–Varuṇa)
  • Far-reaching, radiant overcomer (taraṇi)
  • Bestower of safe paths and well-being through the Ādityas

Also by this seer

  • Primary authorial attribution of Rigveda Mandala 7 (Vasiṣṭha Maṇḍala)
  • Hymns to Varuṇa–Mitra emphasizing ṛta, truth, and protection (e.g., RV 7.86–7.89)
  • Several Sūrya/Savitṛ-themed verses within Mandala 7 that connect light with order and right action

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the space and face east at dawn; steady breath and attention.
  • Kindle or attend the āhavanīya fire (if in a śrauta/gṛhya setting) and offer introductory ācamana/prāṇāyāma as customary.
  • Recite the sukta (RV 7.63) in Triṣṭubh cadence, emphasizing the rising of Sūrya and the ‘eye’ of Mitra–Varuṇa.
  • Make offerings with the recitation (or immediately after), then conclude with the final prayer for sugāḥ supathāni and svasti.
  • Sit briefly in silent contemplation of inner light and right guidance; optionally follow with a general śānti/svasti formula.

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (ghee) oblations
  • Samidh (fuel sticks)
  • Optional: water libation (arghya) to Sūrya at sunrise
  • Optional: soma substitute or simple oblation in later practice contexts

Frequently Asked Questions

It praises the rising Sun as the all-seeing light shared by everyone, which exposes hidden darkness and makes right action possible. It also links the Sun to Mitra–Varuṇa as their ‘eye’ and ends with a prayer for safe paths and protection.

Mitra and Varuṇa represent Āditya sovereignty and ṛta (truth/order). Calling the Sun their ‘eye’ means solar light is the visible power that sees, reveals, and supports truth by removing concealment.

It is well-suited for dawn recitation: contemplate inner clarity as the Sun rises, then conclude with the final verse as a prayer for good guidance, safe journeys, and steady well-being.

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