Rig Veda 7.18.8: Mandala 7, Sukta 18, Mantra 8

Sukta 7.18

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditionally)

Devata: Indra (implied victor) with Aditi as principle invoked

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दुराध्यो अदितिं स्रेवयन्तोऽचेतसो वि जगृभ्रे परुष्णीम् । मह्नाविव्यक्पृथिवीं पत्यमानः पशुष्कविरशयच्चायमानः ॥

Transliteration

durādhyò adítiṃ srévayanto 'cetaso ví jagṛbhre páruṣṇīm | mahnā́vivyak pṛthivī́ṃ pátyamānaḥ paśúṣ kavír aśayac cā́yamānaḥ ||

Translation

Difíceis de dominar, buscaram violar Aditi; sem a reta consciência, rasgaram a Paruṣṇī. Mas ele, por grandeza, alargou a terra e firmou o senhorio; o ṛṣi, como fera atada, derrubou o agressor, mesmo enquanto era perseguido.

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Word by Word

• दुराध्यः: hard to subdue/overcome
• दुराध्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुराध्य (दुर्- + आध्य < √अधि/√ध्यै; prātipadika)

• अदितिम्: Aditi (the goddess)
• अदितिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदिति (prātipadika)

• स्रेवयन्तः: seeking/courting (her), resorting to
• स्रेवयन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √स्रेव्/स्रिव् (caus./denom. ‘to make resort to, to court, to seek’)

• अचेतसः: unthinking, senseless
• अचेतसः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-चेतस् (prātipadika)

• वि: apart, asunder, forth
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga)

• जगृभ्रे: they seized/grasped
• जगृभ्रे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ग्रह्

• परुष्णीम्: the river Paruṣṇī
• परुष्णीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: परुष्णी (नदी-नाम; prātipadika)

• मह्ना: by (his) might/greatness
• मह्ना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्/मह्न् (instr. stem ‘by greatness/might’)

• अविव्यक्: did not spread out / did not extend
• अविव्यक्: —
• Type: Verb (finite/archaic injunctive-like)
• Root: अ-वि-व्यच् (from √व्यच् ‘to spread out’; negated)

• पृथिवीम्: the earth
• पृथिवीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (prātipadika)

• पत्यमानः: being lord/mastering
• पत्यमानः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √पत्/पत्‍य (denom. ‘to be lord/master’)

• पशुष्कविः: the ‘seer of cattle’ / cattle-wise poet (epithet)
• पशुष्कविः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: पशु- + कवि (समास; prātipadika)

• अशयत्: he lay down / he made (them) lie
• अशयत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शी (शे/शय् ‘to lie, to rest’)

• चायमानः: watching/appearing, being visible
• चायमानः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √चि/√चाय् (‘to observe, to notice, to appear/shine’; Vedic)