Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 97, Shloka 8

सप्तनवतितमः सर्गः (Yuddha Kāṇḍa 97): Sugrīva’s Onslaught and the Fall of Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

पार्श्वतःपृष्ठतश्चास्यसर्वेयूथाधिपास्स्वयम् ।अनुजह्रुर्महाशैलान् विविधांश्चमहाद्रुमान् ।।।।

Transliteration

pārśvataḥ pṛṣṭhataś cāsya sarve yūthādhipāḥ svayam |

anujahrur mahāśailān vividhāṃś ca mahādrumān ||

Translation

Aos seus flancos e por trás, todos os chefes de tropa o seguiram espontaneamente, trazendo enormes rochedos e grandes árvores de muitos tipos.

Word by Word

• पार्श्वतः: from the side; at the flank
• पार्श्वतः: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पार्श्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (spatial adverb)

• पृष्ठतः: from behind
• पृष्ठतः: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (spatial adverb)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• अस्य: of him; his
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive, Singular (pronoun)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यूथाधिपाः: troop-leaders
• यूथाधिपाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यूथ + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वयम्: themselves
• स्वयम्: Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (emphatic adverb)

• अनुजह्रुः: followed, carrying along
• अनुजह्रुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु) + अनु (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद; Perfect, 3rd person, Plural

• महाशैलान्: great rocks/mountains
• महाशैलान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विविधान्: various
• विविधान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural (qualifying महाशैलान्/महाद्रुमान्)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• महाद्रुमान्: great trees
• महाद्रुमान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Context

At that time, driven by Ravana's arrows, the Vanaras fled from the battlefield just like huge clouds are dissipated by wind.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vānara troop-leaders (Yūthādhipas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as loyalty to righteous leadership: when the cause is just, collective responsibility manifests as coordinated support for the commander.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva advances; the vānara commanders close in around him in supportive formation, carrying improvised weapons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Unity and disciplined cooperation—followers act without hesitation to reinforce a leader’s dharmic mission.