Valmiki Ramayana 6.4.62 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 62

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

समावृत्य महीं कृत्स्नां जगाम महती चमूः ।तेहृष्टवदना स्सर्वे जग्मुर्मारुतरंहसः ।।।।

Transliteration

samāvṛtya mahīṃ kṛtsnāṃ jagāma mahatī camūḥ | te hṛṣṭa-vadanāḥ sarve jagmur māruta-raṃhasaḥ ||

Translation

O grande exército avançou, espalhando-se por toda a terra; todos seguiam com o rosto jubiloso, velozes como o vento.

Word by Word

• समावृत्य: having covered
• समावृत्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√vṛ (धातु) (वृ) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), ‘having covered/spread over’

• महीम्: the earth / land
• महीम्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• कृत्स्नाम्: entire
• कृत्स्नाम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to महीम्

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: क्रिया (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) (गम्)
• Form: लिट् लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• महती: great
• महती: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to चमूः

• चमूः: army
• चमूः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: camū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)

• हृष्टवदनाः: with joyful faces
• हृष्टवदनाः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa + vadana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (possessive: ‘whose faces are delighted’), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण to ते

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण to ते

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: क्रिया (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) (गम्)
• Form: लिट् लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• मारुतरंहसः: swift as the wind
• मारुतरंहसः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: māruta + raṃhas (प्रातिपदिक) (मारुत + रंहस्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘wind-speed’), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण to ते (they who are wind-swift)

Context

The great vanara army spread all over the land went with the swiftness of wind with cheerful faces.

Characters & Entities

• Vānara army
• Wind (Māruta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is strengthened by right morale: joy here reflects confidence in a righteous mission and trust in rightful leadership.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator concludes this movement-description by emphasizing the army’s vast spread, speed, and upbeat spirit.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Enthusiastic service and unity—cheerful readiness to act for the restoration of justice.