Shloka 12

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

Devanagari script

मयाविरहितांदीनांवर्तमानांमहावने ।वैदेहींप्रसभंहृत्वाशूरोऽहमितिमन्यसे ।।।।

Transliteration

mayā virahitāṃ dīnāṃ vartamānāṃ mahāvane |

vaidehīṃ prasabhaṃ hṛtvā śūro 'ham iti manyase ||

Translation

Quando Vaidehī estava separada de mim, aflita, vivendo na grande floresta—e tu a tomaste à força—imaginas ainda: «Sou um herói»?

Word by Word

• मया: from me / by me
• मया: Apadana/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु; separation from me)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• विरहिताम्: separated
• विरहिताम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virahita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) वैदेहीम्

• दीनाम्: wretched
• दीनाम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण वैदेहीम्

• वर्तमानाम्: dwelling / living
• वर्तमानाम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛt (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (Present Participle/शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण वैदेहीम्

• महावने: in the great forest
• महावने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय: महत् वनम्

• वैदेहीम्: Vaidehi (Sita)
• वैदेहीम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रसभम्: forcibly
• प्रसभम्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prasabham (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-नपुंसक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• हृत्वा: having abducted
• हृत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛ (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• शूरः: a hero
• शूरः: Karta (कर्ता; predicate complement of अहम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नाम/विशेष्य (predicate noun)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/quoted subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• इति: thus
• इति: Quotation marker (इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक (quotative particle)

• मन्यसे: you think
• मन्यसे: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद

Context

"Having abducted Vaidehi living in the forest by force, when she was desperate and separated from me, do you think that you are a hero?

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• Mahāvana (great forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma rejects coercion and the abuse of power. Force used against the helpless is not śaurya (heroism) but moral failure.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma publicly exposes the circumstances of the abduction to strip Rāvaṇa of any claim to honorable valor.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to justice for the wronged and protection of dignity (especially of Sītā) is emphasized.