Valmiki Ramayana 2.87.21 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 87, Shloka 21

गुहसंवादः—रामस्य रात्रिवासवर्णनम्

Dialogue with Guha: Account of Rama’s Night Halt

Devanagari script

एतत्तदिङ्गुदीमूलमिदमेव च तत्तृणम्।यस्मिन्रामश्च सीता च रात्रिं तां शयितावुभौ।।।।

Transliteration

etat tad iṅgudīmūlam idam eva ca tat tṛṇam |

yasmin rāmaś ca sītā ca rātriṃ tāṃ śayitāv ubhau ||

Translation

Esta é a própria raiz da árvore iṅgudī, e este é o mesmo leito de relva no qual Rāma e Sītā, ambos, dormiram naquela noite.

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Nirdeshya (निर्देश्य/demonstrative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Nirdeshya (निर्देश्य; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• इङ्गुदीमूलम्: the root/base of the iṅgudī tree
• इङ्गुदीमूलम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/spot indicated)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इङ्गुदी + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('इङ्गुद्याः मूलम्')

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Nirdeshya (निर्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदं (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• एव: indeed, only
• एव: Avadharana (अवधारण/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (particle: only/indeed)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Nirdeshya (निर्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• तृणम्: grass (bed of grass)
• तृणम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/spot indicated)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• यस्मिन्: in which/where
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/where)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; conjoined)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• रात्रिम्: night
• रात्रिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object; time-span)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ताम्: that
• ताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण of रात्रिम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम used adjectivally

• शयितौ: slept, lay down
• शयितौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

Context

Rama lay down upon the bed along with Sita. Thereafter Lakshmana, having washed their feet, moved to a distant place.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• iṅgudī tree

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Acceptance of hardship with dignity: royal figures embrace simplicity without complaint, honoring the dharma of exile.

What is the narrative situation?

Guha indicates the exact spot and bedding where Rāma and Sītā rested for the night.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma and Sītā’s endurance and simplicity (titikṣā, alpatva).