Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 84, Shloka 17

गुहस्य सन्देहः, गङ्गातीर-रक्षा, भरतस्य सत्कारः

Guha’s Suspicion, Securing the Ganga Bank, and Hospitality to Bharata

Devanagari script

अस्ति मूलं फलञ्चैव निषादैस्समुपाहृतम्।आर्द्रं च मांसं शुष्कं च वन्यं चोच्चावचं महत्।।।।

Transliteration

asti mūlaṃ phalaṃ caiva niṣādaiḥ samupāhṛtam |

ārdraṃ ca māṃsaṃ śuṣkaṃ ca vanyaṃ coccāvacaṃ mahat ||

Translation

Há raízes e frutos que os Niṣādas recolheram e trouxeram; há também carne, fresca e seca, e abundantes provisões da floresta, de muitos tipos.

Word by Word

• अस्ति: there is / exists
• अस्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• मूलम्: roots
• मूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• फलम्: fruit
• फलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• निषादैः: by the Niṣādas
• निषादैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निषाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural)

• समुपाहृतम्: brought/collected
• समुपाहृतम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+उप+आ+हृ (धातु)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्यय: क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)

• आर्द्रम्: fresh/moist
• आर्द्रम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifier)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मांसम्: meat
• मांसम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मांस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• शुष्कम्: dry/dried
• शुष्कम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुष्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifier)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वन्यम्: forest produce/game
• वन्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• उच्चावचम्: of various kinds
• उच्चावचम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उच्च+अवच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण; द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative: ‘high and low’ = various)

• महत्: great/abundant
• महत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण

Context

Here are roots, fruits and a great variety of forest produce, fresh and dried meat brought by the nishadas.

Characters & Entities

• Guha
• Bharata
• Niṣādas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dāna (generous giving) in service of guests: providing what one has, according to one’s region and livelihood, is a dharmic act.

What is the narrative situation?

Guha enumerates available provisions to host Bharata and the army.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical generosity—hospitality expressed through concrete support, not merely words.