Valmiki Ramayana 2.69.1: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 69, Shloka 1

भरतस्य दुःस्वप्नदर्शनम्

Bharata’s Ominous Dream

Devanagari script

यामेव रात्रिं ते दूताः प्रविशन्ति स्म तां पुरीम्।भरतेनापि तां रात्रिं स्वप्नो दृष्टोऽयमप्रियः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.69.1

Transliteration

yām eva rātriṃ te dūtāḥ praviśanti sma tāṃ purīm | bharatenāpi tāṃ rātriṃ svapno dṛṣṭo 'yam apriyaḥ || 2.69.1 ||

Translation

Naquela mesma noite em que os mensageiros entraram na cidade, Bharata também teve um sonho doloroso.

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Word by Word

• yām: which (night)
• yām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-यद् (relative) विशेषणम् (rātrim)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphasis particle/अवधारणाव्यय)

• rātrim: night
• rātrim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म (object of 'entered' / time-accusative)

• te: those
• te: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (dūtāḥ)

• dūtāḥ: messengers
• dūtāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्ता

• praviśanti: were entering
• praviśanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-viś (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present) used with स्म = भूतार्थ (past sense), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• sma: (past marker)
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: स्म (past-marker particle/भूतार्थक निपात)

• tām: that
• tām: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (purīm)

• purīm: city
• purīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म (object of entering)

• bharatena: by Bharata
• bharatena: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृ-करणभावे (agent in passive construction)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि (also/even particle)

• tām: that
• tām: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (rātrim)

• rātrim: night
• rātrim: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कालाधिकरणे द्वितीया (time-accusative)

• svapnaḥ: dream
• svapnaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svapna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे कर्ता (subject in passive)

• dṛṣṭaḥ: was seen
• dṛṣṭaḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √dṛś धातु, क्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive: 'was seen')

• ayam: this
• ayam: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (svapnaḥ)

• apriyaḥ: distressing/unpleasant
• apriyaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (svapnaḥ)

Context

On the very night the messengers were entering the city, Bharata had a distressing dream.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• dūta (messengers)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-oriented narratives often mark moral crises with omens; the verse signals that unseen consequences follow unrighteous upheaval, urging vigilance and truth-seeking.

What is the narrative situation?

As the envoys arrive, Bharata experiences a troubling dream that foreshadows the calamity in Ayodhyā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sensitivity of conscience—Bharata is portrayed as inwardly responsive to impending adharma and sorrow.