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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 23, Shloka 13

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः—दैवपुरुषकारविवादः

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Debate on Destiny vs Human Effort

यद्ययं किल्बिषाद्भेदः कृतोऽप्येवं न गृह्यते।जायते तत्र मे दुःखं धर्मसङ्गश्च गर्हितः।।।।

yady ayaṃ kilbiṣād bhedaḥ kṛto ’py evaṃ na gṛhyate | jāyate tatra me duḥkhaṃ dharma-saṅgaś ca garhitaḥ ||

Se esta ruptura traiçoeira—nascida da culpa—embora já cometida, ainda não é reconhecida como tal, então a dor nasce em mim; e esse apego ao “dharma” torna-se censurável.

यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Condition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle)
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
किल्बिषात्from sin/guilt
किल्बिषात्:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source-cause)
TypeNoun
Rootकिल्बिष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; अपादान/हेतु (ablative: "from/out of")
भेदःbreach, treachery
भेदः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootभेद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कृतःdone
कृतः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; "done"
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: concessive "even")
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: manner)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation)
गृह्यतेis accepted/understood
गृह्यते:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense: "is accepted/taken")
जायतेarises
जायते:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative setting)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेश/प्रसङ्ग-अव्यय (locative adverb: "there/in that matter")
मेto me / my
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी एकवचन-रूप (enclitic "me" = of/to me); here possessive with दुःखम्
दुःखम्sorrow
दुःखम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of जायते)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
धर्म-सङ्गःattachment to dharma
धर्म-सङ्गः:
Karta (कर्ता/Co-subject of जायते)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (धर्मस्य सङ्गः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
गर्हितःcensurable
गर्हितः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्ह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of धर्मसङ्गः)

I am grieved that even though this plot has been hatched by a treacherous mind, you are not taking it in the right perspective. Censurable is adherence to virtue.

R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa
D
dharma

FAQs

Dharma requires discernment (viveka): if wrongdoing is not acknowledged, then ‘virtue’ becomes complicity—attachment to duty without moral clarity is censured.

Lakṣmaṇa laments that the scheme against Rāma is not being treated as treachery, because Rāma continues to interpret events through strict duty.

Moral clarity and intolerance for injustice—Lakṣmaṇa insists that truth about wrongdoing must be named.