Shloka 2

Dharma as the Cause of Prosperity and the Signs of a Righteous Death

Devanagari script

सुमनोवाच । भार्गवाणां कुले जातः पिता मम महामते । च्यवनो नाम विख्यातः सर्वज्ञानविशारदः

Transliteration

sumanovāca | bhārgavāṇāṃ kule jātaḥ pitā mama mahāmate | cyavano nāma vikhyātaḥ sarvajñānaviśāradaḥ

Translation

Sumana disse: «Ó grande de ânimo, meu pai nasceu na linhagem dos Bhārgavas; era célebre pelo nome de Cyavana e versado em todos os ramos do conhecimento.»

Word by Word

• सुमना: Sumanā
• सुमना: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; वक्त्री (female speaker)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• भार्गवाणाम्: of the Bhārgavas
• भार्गवाणाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्गव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन; गोत्र/वंशवाचक

• कुले: in the family
• कुले: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन

• जातः: born
• जातः: Kriya (Predicative participle/क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘born’ (agreeing with ‘पिता’)

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Shashthi-sambandha (Possessive/षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• महामते: O great-minded one
• महामते: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महā (पूर्वपद) + मति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन; पुल्लिङ्ग; सम्बोधन-एकवचन; कर्मधारय (‘great’ + ‘minded/wise’)

• च्यवनः: Cyavana
• च्यवनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: च्यवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• नाम: by name
• नाम: Nipāta (Naming particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नामनिर्देशक निपात (indeclinable indicating name: ‘by name’)

• विख्यातः: renowned
• विख्यातः: Kriya (Predicative participle/क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + ख्या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘renowned’ (agreeing with ‘च्यवनः’)

• सर्वज्ञानविशारदः: expert in all knowledge
• सर्वज्ञानविशारदः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक) + विशारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘च्यवनः’); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘skilled in all knowledge’)

Speaker

Sumana

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सुमनोवाच = सुमना + उवाच; सर्वज्ञानविशारदः = सर्व-ज्ञान-विशारद (समास).

Characters & Entities

• Bhārgavas
• Bhṛgu
• Cyavana

FAQs

Who is Cyavana as referenced in this verse?

Cyavana is a renowned sage (ṛṣi) associated with the Bhārgava line (descendants of Bhṛgu), described here as famous and highly learned.

What is the significance of mentioning the Bhārgava lineage?

In Purāṇic narration, stating a lineage (kula) establishes authority, context, and continuity of sacred knowledge by linking a figure to a respected ṛṣi tradition.

What ethical or spiritual value is implied by “skilled in all knowledge” (sarvajñānaviśāradaḥ)?

It highlights the ideal of disciplined learning guided by wisdom—knowledge that is comprehensive and rooted in a revered spiritual heritage.