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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 51

The Characteristics of Devotion to Hari

मातुर्गर्भाद्विनिष्क्रान्तो यदा जन्तुस्तदैव हि । मृत्युः संनिहितो भूयात्तस्माद्धर्मपरो भवेत् ॥ ५१ ॥

māturgarbhādviniṣkrānto yadā jantustadaiva hi | mṛtyuḥ saṃnihito bhūyāttasmāddharmaparo bhavet || 51 ||

Desde o instante em que o ser sai do ventre materno, a morte permanece bem próxima; por isso, deve-se tornar devoto do Dharma.

मातुःof (the) mother
मातुः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; Genitive singular
गर्भात्from the womb
गर्भात्:
अपादान (अपादान/Ablative source)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; Ablative singular
विनिष्क्रान्तःhaving come out
विनिष्क्रान्तः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Agent-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-नि-√क्रम् (धातु) → विनिष्क्रान्त (कृदन्त, क्त/PPP)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Past passive participle used adjectivally
यदाwhen
यदा:
सम्बन्ध (काल-सम्बन्ध/temporal link)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb/conjunction)
जन्तुःa creature, being
जन्तुः:
कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Nominative singular
तदाthen
तदा:
सम्बन्ध (काल-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
एवindeed, just
एव:
सम्बन्ध (निपात/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; emphasis)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; reason/emphasis)
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Nominative singular
संनिहितःpresent, close at hand
संनिहितः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-नि-√धा (धातु) → संनिहित (कृदन्त, क्त/PPP)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; Past passive participle
भूयात्may be, is (as a possibility)
भूयात्:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; may be/should be
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
सम्बन्ध (हेतु/Reason)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतस्मात्-इति निपातवत्/अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः; हेत्वर्थे (therefore/from that reason)
धर्मपरःdevoted to dharma
धर्मपरः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म + पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मे परः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; Nominative singular
भवेत्should be/become
भवेत्:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; should become

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

It teaches anitya (impermanence): since death accompanies life from birth itself, one should not delay spiritual effort and must prioritize Dharma as the safest refuge.

By stressing life’s fragility, it urges immediate alignment with Dharma—within which Vishnu-bhakti is upheld as a pure, steady practice that prepares the mind for liberation and right action.

No specific Vedanga technique is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is ethical discipline (Dharma) as daily conduct—truthfulness, restraint, charity, and timely worship—because time and life are uncertain.