Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning
स्थिरीकृतार्द्धरा त्रार्द्धौ द्वयोर्विवरलिप्तकाः । षष्टिश्चाचंद्रभुक्ताप्ता पातकालस्य नाडिकाः ॥ १८३ ॥
sthirīkṛtārddharā trārddhau dvayorvivaraliptakāḥ | ṣaṣṭiścācaṃdrabhuktāptā pātakālasya nāḍikāḥ || 183 ||
Quando a meia-medida é fixada, duas unidades de trārdha compõem o intervalo chamado liptā. E sessenta dessas unidades, obtidas pelo cômputo lunar, constituem as nāḍikā (unidades de tempo) do pātakāla, uma divisão determinada do tempo.
Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: none
It emphasizes that Dharma and ritual practice depend on correct kāla (time) reckoning; precise measurement supports disciplined observance and orderly spiritual life.
Bhakti practices (vratas, pūjā timings, fasts) rely on accurate time divisions; this verse supplies the technical groundwork so devotional observances align with śāstric timing.
Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa: it details technical subdivisions of time (liptā, nāḍikā) and notes their derivation through lunar computation used for calendrical and ritual scheduling.