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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 57

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

Devanagari script

समाप्य च ततोऽस्यांते व्रतस्नातो महाव्रती । कारयेद्धेमघटितं भूगणेर्मूषकं रथम् ॥ ५७ ॥

Transliteration

samāpya ca tato'syāṃte vratasnāto mahāvratī | kārayeddhemaghaṭitaṃ bhūgaṇermūṣakaṃ ratham || 57 ||

Translation

Então, ao concluí-lo, no término desta observância, o grande votário—tendo tomado o banho ritual de encerramento do voto (vrata-snāna)—deve mandar fazer para Bhūgaṇa um carro em forma de rato, confeccionado em ouro.

Word by Word
समाप्यhaving completed
समाप्य:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आप् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable participle); अर्थः—“समाप्य” = समाप्त्वा (having completed)
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपादान/क्रम (then/from that)
अस्यof this (vow)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
व्रत-स्नातःhaving taken the vow-bath (ritually bathed)
व्रत-स्नातः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + स्नात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—व्रते स्नातः (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष) = having bathed (ritually) for the vow
महā-व्रतीthe great-vowed observer
महā-व्रती:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहā (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय—महान् व्रती (one who has a great vow)
कारयेत्should have (it) made
कारयेत्:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रत्ययान्त causative; विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद; अर्थः—“should cause to be made”
हेम-घटितम्made of gold / gold-crafted
हेम-घटितम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम (प्रातिपदिक) + घटित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—हेमेन घटितम् (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष) = fashioned with gold
भू-गणेःof Bhūgaṇi (Gaṇeśa)
भू-गणेः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक) + गणि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—भूः (पृथ्वी) + गणिः (गणेशः) → ‘भूगणिः’ (गणेश-नाम); षष्ठी—भूगणेः = of Gaṇeśa
मूषकम्a mouse
मूषकम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमूषक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
रथम्a chariot
रथम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
Speaker

Narada (in instruction to the Sanatkumara tradition; ritual prescription style)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities
B
Bhūgaṇa

FAQs

It emphasizes that a vow (vrata) is completed not only by observance but by proper closure—vratasnāna (concluding bath) and a prescribed offering—signifying gratitude, purification, and the sealing of merit (puṇya).

Though framed as ritual instruction, it supports bhakti by directing the devotee to complete sacred observances with reverence and offering (dāna), expressing devotion through disciplined practice and dedicated gifting.

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implicit: the verse specifies the correct end-stage of a vrata—vratasnāna and the commissioning of a symbolic gold offering—showing procedural precision central to Vedic ritual science.

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