Shloka 6

Adhyaya 80 — Vaivasvata Manvantara: Enumeration of Manus and the Eighth Manu Sāvarṇi

Sanskrit

तपस्तप्तश्च शक्रश्च द्युतिर्ज्योतिः प्रभाकरः ।

प्रभासो दयितो धर्मस्तेजोरश्मिश्चिरक्रतुः ॥

Transliteration

tapastaptaś ca śakraś ca dyutir jyotiḥ prabhākaraḥ / prabhāso dayito dharmas tejor aśmiś cirakratuḥ

Translation

Tapastapta, Śakra, Dyuti, Jyotis, Prabhākara, Prabhāsa, Dayita, Dharma, Tejorāśmi e Cirakratu—(estes estão entre aquele grupo).

Word by Word

• तपः: Tapas (a name; austerity)
• तपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तप्तः: Tapta
• तप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘heated/austere’ (as name/epithet)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय

• द्युतिः: Dyuti (splendor)
• द्युतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्योतिः: Jyotis (light)
• ज्योतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रभाकरः: Prabhākara (maker of light)
• प्रभाकरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभा-कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (प्रभां करोति/करः)

• प्रभासः: Prabhāsa
• प्रभासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दयितः: Dayita (beloved)
• दयितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दयित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• धर्मः: Dharma
• धर्मः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तेजोरश्मिः: Tejorasmi (ray of brilliance)
• तेजोरश्मिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस्-रश्मि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी: तेजसः रश्मिः)

• चिरक्रतुः: Cirakratu (of long rites/long resolve)
• चिरक्रतुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिर-क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (चिरः क्रतुः/दीर्घक्रतुः)

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the manvantara account (speaker not explicit in this verse)

Primary Deities

• Indra (by title Śakra, though here as a name in the list)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Divine epithets
• Light/radiance symbolism

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Many names here are virtues or luminous qualities (dyuti, jyotis, dharma), implying that divine administration is inseparable from moral order and clarity—light as a metaphor for truth and right conduct.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara: the Purāṇa specifies deva-names and offices for a given Manu’s era.

What is the esoteric significance?

The repeated ‘light’ vocabulary encodes a subtle teaching: higher governance is illumination—consciousness (jyotis) that stabilizes worlds through dharma.