Shloka 63

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

यादृशं पुरुषस्येह परदाराभिमर्षणम् ।

देवार्चनाग्निकार्याणां तथा गुर्‍वभिवादनम् ॥

Transliteration

yādṛśaṃ puruṣasyeha paradārābhimarṣaṇam | devārcanāgnikāryāṇāṃ tathā gurvabhivādanam ||

Translation

Tal é a culpa e a ruína do homem neste mundo quando comete a transgressão de violar a esposa de outrem; do mesmo modo é culpa negligenciar o culto aos deuses, os ritos do fogo sagrado e a saudação reverente ao guru e aos mais velhos.

Word by Word

• yādṛśam: of what kind
• yādṛśam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative/relative adjective ‘of what kind’

• puruṣasya: of a man
• puruṣasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)

• iha: here (in this world/context)
• iha: Deśa/Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; deictic adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)

• para-dāra-abhimarṣaṇam: molesting another’s wife
• para-dāra-abhimarṣaṇam: Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + dāra (प्रातिपदिक) + abhimarṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘of others’ wives’ + ‘molestation/touching’

• deva-arcana-agni-kāryāṇām: of (acts of) god-worship and fire-ritual duties
• deva-arcana-agni-kāryāṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + arcana (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक) + kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6 विभक्ति), Plural (बहुवचन); समाहार-द्वन्द्व: ‘worship of gods’ and ‘fire-rites/duties’ (as a collective)

• tathā: and likewise
• tathā: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction/adverb (समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक)

• guru-abhivādanam: salutation to the teacher/elders
• guru-abhivādanam: Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + abhivādana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘of the teacher/elders’ + ‘salutation’

Speakers

• Unspecified in input (instructional voice)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Agni (implicit)
• Devas (general)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha obligations
• Worship
• Agnihotra/Agni duties
• Guru reverence
• Sexual ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Householder dharma is a web: sexual restraint, daily worship, fire-rites, and reverence to elders/teachers are mutually reinforcing; neglect in these is portrayed as spiritually ruinous.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse links private conduct (kāma) with sacrificial order (yajña) and transmission of wisdom (guru); breaking any pillar destabilizes one’s inner and outer ‘ṛta’.