Shloka 5

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

एकान्तराशी वश्यात्मा भव भिक्षुरतन्द्रितः ।

तत्र योगापरो भूत्वा बाह्यस्पर्शविवर्जितः ॥

Transliteration

ekānta-rāśī vaśyātmā bhava bhikṣur atandritaḥ |

tatra yogāparo bhūtvā bāhya-sparśa-vivarjitaḥ ||

Translation

“Toma alimento em solidão, sê autocontrolado; torna-te um mendicante diligente. Ali, atento ao yoga, permanece como quem evita contatos externos (o toque dos sentidos e os envolvimentos mundanos).”

Word by Word

• एकान्त-राशी: one who eats in solitude
• एकान्त-राशी: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकान्त (प्रातिपदिक) + राशिन्/राशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'एकान्ते राशी' (one who eats in solitude/with solitary fare)

• वश्य-आत्मा: self-controlled
• वश्य-आत्मा: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वश्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'वश्यः आत्मा यस्य' / 'वश्य आत्मा' (self-controlled)

• भव: be
• भव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• भिक्षुः: a mendicant
• भिक्षुः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भिक्षु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अतन्द्रितः: unwearied, vigilant
• अतन्द्रितः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतन्द्रित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• तत्र: there/in that state
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• योग-परः: devoted to yoga
• योग-परः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक) + पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'योगे परः' (devoted to yoga)

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund), 'having become'

• बाह्य-स्पर्श-विवर्जितः: free from external touch/contacts
• बाह्य-स्पर्श-विवर्जितः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक) + स्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वि-वृज्/वर्ज् + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (समाहार/निर्देश): 'बाह्यस्पर्शैः विवर्जितः' (devoid of external contacts)

Speakers

• Son instructing his father

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Pratyāhāra (sense-withdrawal)
• Ascetic discipline
• Mind-control
• Solitude
• Yoga practice

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Liberation is supported by concrete habits: simplicity in food and company, vigilance against sloth, and systematic reduction of sensory and social entanglements.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa/dharma material; it functions as soteriological instruction rather than Purāṇic cosmography or genealogy.

What is the esoteric significance?

“External touch” is not only physical contact but the mind’s ‘touching’ of objects through craving; avoiding it points to pratyāhāra and eventual absorption (samādhi).