Mahabharata 3.2.22 — Vana Parva, Adhyaya 2, Shloka 22
ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः
Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction
व्याधेरनिष्टसंस्पर्शाच्छूमादिष्टविवर्जनात् । दुःखं चतुर्भि: शारीरं कारणै: सम्प्रवर्तते
vyādher aniṣṭa-saṁsparśāc chrāmād iṣṭa-vivarjanāt | duḥkhaṁ caturbhiḥ śārīraṁ kāraṇaiḥ sampravartate ||
Disse Vaiśampāyana: “O sofrimento do corpo surge de quatro causas—doença, contato com o que é indesejável, exaustão por esforço excessivo e separação do que é querido.”
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Physical suffering is not random; it can be analyzed into four proximate causes—illness, unpleasant encounters, fatigue from excessive effort, and separation from what one loves. Recognizing these causes supports ethical living through moderation, wise choices of association, and cultivating resilience toward loss.
In Vaiśampāyana’s narration, a reflective teaching is being stated: the sources of bodily pain are enumerated in a compact list, framing later discussion of endurance, right conduct, and the management of hardship during the forest-life context of the Vana Parva.
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