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Shloka 22

अध्याय १९० — वामदेव-वाम्य-वृत्तान्तः

The Vāmadeva Horses Episode and the Ethics of Promise

प्राप्रुवन्ति नरा विप्र यत्‌ कृत्वा कर्म शो भनम्‌ । सत्यं दानं तपश्चोग्रमहिंसा चैव जन्तुषु,ब्रह्म! जिस शुभ कर्मोके आचरणसे मनुष्यको कल्याणकी प्राप्ति होती है, वे सत्य, दान, उग्र तपस्या और किसी भी प्राणीकी हिंसा न करनेका स्वभाव--ये सब मेरे ही विधानसे निर्मित हुए हैं और मेरे ही शरीरमें विहार करते हैं। मैं समस्त प्राणियोंके ज्ञानको जब प्रकट कर देता हूँ, तभी वे चेष्टाशील होते हैं, अन्यथा अपनी इच्छासे वे कुछ नहीं कर सकते

prāpnuvanti narā vipra yat kṛtvā karma śobhanam | satyaṃ dānaṃ tapaś cograṃ ahiṃsā caiva jantuṣu ||

Disse a Divindade: “Ó brâmane, as pessoas alcançam o bem ao praticarem feitos nobres. A veracidade, a generosidade, a austeridade severa e a não violência para com os seres vivos—tudo isso nasce do meu decreto e se move no meu próprio ser. Somente quando manifesto o conhecimento em todas as criaturas é que elas se tornam capazes de agir com propósito; caso contrário, pela sua vontade apenas, nada conseguem realizar.”

प्राप्नुवन्तिattain, obtain
प्राप्नुवन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप् (धातु: आप्/आप्नोति)
FormLat (present), 3rd, plural, Parasmaipada
नराःmen, people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
विप्रO brahmin
विप्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
यत्which (deed/that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
कर्मact, deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
शोभनम्auspicious, good
शोभनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशोभन
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सत्यम्truthfulness
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
दानम्giving, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उग्रम्severe, intense
उग्रम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जन्तुषुamong living beings
जन्तुषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
Formmasculine, locative, plural
ब्रह्मO Brahman (O sacred one)
ब्रह्म:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
Formneuter, vocative, singular

देव उवाच

D
deva (the Deity/God)
V
vipra (a brahmin addressee)
N
narāḥ (human beings)
J
jantu (living beings/creatures)

Educational Q&A

Welfare-giving virtues—truth, charity, intense austerity, and non-violence—are presented as divinely grounded, and effective human action is said to depend on the manifestation of knowledge granted by the Divine rather than mere individual will.

A Deity addresses a Brahmin interlocutor, enumerating the principal ethical disciplines that lead to human good and asserting divine sovereignty over the awakening of knowledge that enables beings to act.