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Shloka 4

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

न त्वं धर्म विचारं संजयेह मत्तश्न जानासि युधिष्ठिराच्च । अथो कस्मात्‌ संजय पाण्डवस्य उत्साहिन: पूरयत: स्वकर्म

na tvaṁ dharma-vicāraṁ saṁjayeha mattaś ca jānāsi yudhiṣṭhirāc ca | atho kasmāt saṁjaya pāṇḍavasya utsāhinaḥ pūrayataḥ sva-karma ||

Disse Vāyu: “Não levantes dúvidas acerca do dharma, Sañjaya. Tu bem sabes que nem de mim nem de Yudhiṣṭhira pode haver queda da retidão. Por que, então, antes alimentaste ou exprimiste ansiedade quanto a uma perda de dharma por parte do Pāṇḍava—de Yudhiṣṭhira, que com zelo constante cumpre o seu próprio dever? Ele vive a vida de chefe de família exatamente como ensinam os śāstras; com que fundamento suspeitaste de uma falha nele?”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
धर्म-विचारम्consideration/discussion of dharma
धर्म-विचारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविचार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संजयेःyou should entertain/raise
संजयेः:
TypeVerb
Rootसञ्जि (सञ्जयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 2nd, Singular
मतःfrom me
मतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormAblative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जानासिyou know
जानासि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular
युधिष्ठिरात्from Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अथोthen/indeed
अथो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ + उ
कस्मात्from what (cause)? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormAblative, Singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पाण्डवस्यof the Pāṇḍava
पाण्डवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उत्साहिनःof the energetic/zealous one
उत्साहिनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्साहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पूरयतःof (him) fulfilling
पूरयतः:
TypeVerb
Rootपूरयत् (पूरयति)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular, Śatṛ (present active participle)
स्व-कर्मone's own duty/work
स्व-कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍava (son of Pāṇḍu)

Educational Q&A

Do not suspect moral failure in a person known for steadfast adherence to svadharma. Dharma is recognized through consistent conduct—zealously fulfilling one’s prescribed duties—rather than through anxious speculation.

Vāyu addresses Sañjaya and rebukes him for entertaining doubts about Yudhiṣṭhira’s righteousness. He points out that Yudhiṣṭhira is diligent in performing his prescribed duties, so Sañjaya’s earlier fear of a ‘loss of dharma’ is unfounded.