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Shloka 20

Purohita-Niyoga and the Brahma–Kṣatra Concord

Aila–Kaśyapa Saṃvāda

ऐल उवाच न वै वातः परिवृणोति ककश्रि- न्न जीमूतो वर्षति नापि देव: । तथायुक्तो दृश्यते मानुषेषु कामद्वेषाद्‌ बध्यते मुहते च,पुरूरवाने कहा--कोई भी हवा किसीको आवृत नहीं करती है, न अकेले मेघ ही पानी बरसाता है, रुद्रदेव भी वर्षा नहीं करते हैं। जैसे वायु और बादलको आकाशमें संयुक्त देखा जाता है, उसी प्रकार मनुष्योंमें आत्मा मन, इन्द्रिय आदिसे संयुक्त ही देखा जाता है और वह राग द्वेषके कारण मोहग्रस्त होता है तथा मारा जाता है

aila uvāca | na vai vātaḥ parivṛṇoti kaścid na jīmūto varṣati nāpi devaḥ | tathāyukto dṛśyate mānuṣeṣu kāmadveṣād badhyate muhyate ca |

Aila (Purūravas) disse: “Nenhum vento, por si só, envolve alguém; nem uma nuvem sozinha derrama a chuva; nem um deus, isoladamente, faz a chuva cair. Do mesmo modo, entre os seres humanos o eu é visto apenas em conjunção—com a mente, os sentidos e o restante. Preso pelo desejo e pela aversão, cai na ilusão e é levado à ruína.”

ऐलःAila (Purūravas), son of Ilā
ऐलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऐल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वातःwind
वातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिवृणोतिcovers, envelops
परिवृणोति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वृञ्) (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
कश्चित्someone, anyone
कश्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीमूतःcloud
जीमूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीमूत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्षतिrains
वर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृष् (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
देवःgod (Indra/Deva)
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus, in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
आयुक्तःjoined, connected
आयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआयुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; युज् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen, appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
FormPresent, Passive/Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular
मानुषेषुamong humans, in men
मानुषेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कामद्वेषात्from desire and hatred
कामद्वेषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकामद्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
बध्यतेis bound
बध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध् (धातु)
FormPresent, Passive/Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular
मुह्यतेis deluded
मुह्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह् (धातु)
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

ऐल उवाच

ऐल (Purūravas/Aila)
वात (wind)
जीमूत (cloud)
देव (god/divine agency)
मानुष (human beings)
काम (desire)
द्वेष (aversion)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that effects arise from conjunction and conditions, not from a single isolated cause; likewise the self in embodied life is experienced together with mind and senses, and becomes bound and deluded through desire (kāma) and aversion (dveṣa), leading to downfall.

Purūravas (Aila) speaks reflectively, using natural analogies (wind, cloud, divine agency and rain) to explain how human experience and bondage occur through association with mental and sensory factors, emphasizing the ethical danger of being driven by desire and hatred.