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Shloka 32

राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)

अभिशस्तमपि होषां कृपायीत विशाम्पते । ब्रह्मघ्ने गुरुतल्ये च भ्रूणहत्ये तथैव च,प्रजानाथ! इनमें कोई कलड्कित हो तो उसपर भी कृपा ही करनी चाहिये। ब्रह्महत्या, गुरुपत्नीगमन, भ्रूणहत्या तथा राजद्रोहका अपराध होनेपर भी ब्राह्मणको देशसे निकाल देनेका ही विधान है--उसे शारीरिक दण्ड कभी नहीं देना चाहिये

abhiśastam api hoṣāṃ kṛpāyīta viśāmpate | brahmaghne gurutalye ca bhrūṇahatye tathaiva ca ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Ó senhor do povo, mesmo aquele que é publicamente acusado e desonrado deve ser tratado com compaixão. Mesmo em casos como matar um brâmane, violar o leito do mestre (adultério com a esposa do guru) e matar um embrião, o governante não deve apressar-se a aplicar punições corporais; o impulso ético aqui é a contenção e a misericórdia na justiça régia, especialmente quanto aos brâmanes, para os quais se indica o exílio em vez de dano físico.”

अभिशस्तम्one who is accused/denounced
अभिशस्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिशस्त (ppp of अभि-शंस्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
होषम्a sinner/offender (one deserving punishment)
होषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहोष (noun)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृपायीतshould show compassion
कृपायीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृप् (denom. कृपाय्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (people/subjects)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रह्मघ्नेin the case of a Brahmin-slayer (brahmahatyā)
ब्रह्मघ्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मघ्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गुरुतल्येin the offence of violating the guru’s bed (adultery with teacher’s wife)
गुरुतल्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुतल्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भ्रूणहत्येin foeticide (killing an embryo)
भ्रूणहत्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रूणहत्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
viśāmpati (the king/ruler)

Educational Q&A

Royal justice should be tempered by compassion; even grave offenders—especially Brahmins—are not to be subjected to bodily punishment, with expulsion presented as the restrained, dharmic response.

In the Shanti Parva discourse on rajadharma, Bhishma instructs the king on how to administer punishment, emphasizing mercy and limits on physical penalties even for severe transgressions.