Shloka 50
Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse
पृथ्वीनाथ! नृपश्रेष्ठ) काम
bhīṣma uvāca | pṛthvīnātha nṛpaśreṣṭha kāmaṁ krodhaṁ śītoṣṇe varṣāṁ bhayaṁ śokaṁ śvāsaṁ manuṣyāṇāṁ priyān viṣayān durjayam asantoṣaṁ ghorāṁ tṛṣṇāṁ sparśaṁ nidrāṁ tathā durjayam ālasyam jitvā vītarāgo mahān uttama-buddhi-yukto mahātmā yogī svādhyāyaṁ ca dhyānaṁ ca sampādya buddhyā sūkṣmam ātmānaṁ sākṣātkurvanti || durgas tv eṣa mataḥ panthā brāhmaṇānāṁ vipaścitām | yaḥ kaścid vrajati hy asmin kṣemeṇa bharatarṣabha ||
Bhīṣma disse: Ó senhor da terra, o melhor dos reis—tendo vencido o desejo e a ira; o frio e o calor; a chuva; o medo e o luto; o sopro inquieto; os objetos dos sentidos que parecem caros aos homens; o descontentamento difícil de superar; a ânsia feroz; o engodo do toque; o sono; e a preguiça obstinada—torna-se livre de apego. Tal iogue, de grande alma e dotado de intelecto elevado e refinado, realiza o autoestudo (svādhyāya) e a meditação, e pelo poder do discernimento percebe diretamente o Si sutil. Contudo, ó touro dos Bhāratas, os sábios brâmanes julgaram este caminho do ioga difícil como uma fortaleza; só um raro o atravessa com segurança e êxito.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation-oriented yoga requires victory over inner enemies (desire, anger, discontent, craving) and bodily/mental pulls (sleep, laziness, attraction to sense-objects), along with endurance of opposites (cold/heat, rain, fear, grief). Through svādhyāya and dhyāna, guided by buddhi (discernment), the yogin gains direct realization of the subtle Self; however, the tradition acknowledges this path is exceptionally difficult and only rarely completed safely.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on the disciplines that lead to peace and the highest good. Here he describes the rigorous yogic path—its required conquests and practices—and adds a sober assessment: even learned Brahmanas call it hard to traverse, and only a few succeed.