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Shloka 23

Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle

Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification

नाप्राप्यं तपस: किंचित्‌ त्रैलोक्येडपि परंतप । उपभोगपरित्याग: फलान्यकृतकर्मणाम्‌

nāprāpyaṃ tapasaḥ kiṃcit trailokye ’pi paraṃtapa | upabhoga-parityāgaḥ phalāny akṛta-karmaṇām, paraṃtapa ||

Parāśara disse: “Ó flagelo dos inimigos, nos três mundos não há coisa alguma que não possa ser alcançada pela austeridade (tapas). Contudo, para aqueles que não praticaram atos movidos pelo desejo nem atos proibidos, o fruto de sua austeridade é precisamente este: a renúncia aos prazeres dos sentidos.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्राप्यम्unattainable
अप्राप्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्राप्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपसःfrom/through austerity
तपसः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
किम्anything/what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चित्ever/at all (enclitic)
चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्
त्रैलोक्येin the three worlds
त्रैलोक्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रैलोक्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
उपभोग-परित्यागःrenunciation of enjoyments
उपभोग-परित्यागः:
TypeNoun
Rootपरित्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
फलानिfruits/results
फलानि:
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अकृत-कर्मणाम्of those who have not done (certain) actions
अकृत-कर्मणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
P
Paraṃtapa (epithet of the addressee)
T
Trailokya (the three worlds)

Educational Q&A

Austerity has immense power—nothing in the three worlds is beyond it. But the highest and most fitting result of tapas for the ethically restrained (those not driven by desire or transgression) is not acquisition; it is growing detachment and the renunciation of sense-pleasures.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, the sage Parāśara addresses a heroic listener (“Paraṃtapa”), contrasting worldly attainments possible through tapas with the superior spiritual outcome: renunciation for those whose conduct is free from desire-based or forbidden actions.