Shloka 18
कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः
Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority
Devanagari script
यस्मादुद्विजते लोक: सर्वो मृत्युमुखादिव । वाक् क्रूराद् दण्डपरुषात् स प्राप्रोति महद् भयम्
Transliteration
yasmād udvijate lokaḥ sarvo mṛtyumukhād iva | vāk krūrād daṇḍaparuṣāt sa prāpnoti mahad bhayam ||
Translation
Aquilo de que o mundo inteiro recua como se fosse da própria boca da Morte—isto é, a fala áspera, cruel e dura como uma vara—traz grande temor sobre quem a emprega.
Word by Word
यस्मात्from whom/which
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
उद्विजतेis frightened/shudders
उद्विजते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्+√विज्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, Atmanepada
लोकःthe world/people
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सर्वःentire/all
सर्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
मृत्युमुखात्from the mouth of death (i.e., from death’s jaws)
मृत्युमुखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु-मुख
Formneuter, ablative, singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
वाक्speech/words
वाक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
क्रूरात्from the cruel (one/thing)
क्रूरात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
दण्डपरुषात्from harsh (speech) like a rod; very severe
दण्डपरुषात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootदण्ड-परुष
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सःhe/that person
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्राप्नोतिattains/incurs
प्राप्नोति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+√आप्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formneuter, accusative, singular
Speaker
तुलाधार उवाच
Characters & Entities
L
loka (people/the world)M
mṛtyu (Death, personified)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes