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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 189: Japa—Inquiry into the Jāpaka, Method

Vidhi), and Fruit (Phala

भगुरुवाच न विशेषो<स्ति वर्णानां सर्व ब्राह्ममिदं जगत्‌ । ब्रह्मणा पूर्वसृष्ट हि कर्मभिर्वर्णतां गतम्‌

bhagur uvāca na viśeṣo 'sti varṇānāṃ sarvaṃ brāhmam idaṃ jagat | brahmaṇā pūrvasṛṣṭaṃ hi karmabhir varṇatāṃ gatam ||

Bhagu disse: “No princípio não havia distinção entre as varṇa. Como este mundo inteiro foi primeiro trazido à existência por Brahmā, era, em essência, de natureza brahmânica. Mais tarde, pela diversidade das ações e ocupações (karma), passou a ser classificado em diferentes varṇa.”

भगुःBhagu (sage)
भगुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशेषःdistinction, difference
विशेषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वर्णानाम्of the varṇas/classes
वर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सर्वम्all, entire
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मBrahman; brahmanic (as predicate)
ब्रह्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जगत्world
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मणाby Brahmā / by Brahman (creator)
ब्रह्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पूर्वसृष्टम्previously created
पूर्वसृष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वसृष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कर्मभिःby actions/deeds
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
वर्णताम्the state of (having) varṇa; class-status
वर्णताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्णता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतम्gone to, attained
गतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bhagu
B
Brahmā
J
jagat (the world)

Educational Q&A

That varṇa distinctions are not primordial or inherent; the world is originally one in essence, and later social classifications arise from karma—people’s actions, roles, and conduct—rather than an absolute original separation.

In a didactic dialogue within Śānti Parva, Bhagu explains an origin account of varṇa: initially there was no differentiation, but as beings engaged in different kinds of work and behavior, society came to describe them in distinct varṇa categories.