Shloka 45
मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169
त॑ दृष्टवा पुरुषादाभमपध्वस्तं क्षयागतम् | अभिज्ञाय द्विजो व्रीडन्निदं वाक्यमथाब्रवीत्,ब्राह्मणने देखा, गौतमके कंधेपर मारे गये हंसकी लाश है, हाथमें धनुष और बाण है, सारा शरीर रक्तसे सींच उठा है, घरके दरवाजेपर आया हुआ गौतम नरभक्षी राक्षसके समान जान पड़ता है; और ब्राह्मणत्वसे भ्रष्ट हो चुका है। उसे इस अवस्थामें घरपर आया देख ब्राह्मणने पहचान लिया। पहचानकर वे बड़े लज्जित हुए और उससे इस प्रकार बोले --
taṁ dṛṣṭvā puruṣādābham apadhvastaṁ kṣayāgatam | abhijñāya dvijo vrīḍann idaṁ vākyam athābravīt |
Bhīṣma disse: “Ao vê-lo—como um devorador de homens, arruinado e levado ao mais completo declínio—o brāhmaṇa o reconheceu. Envergonhado, então lhe dirigiu estas palavras.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights ethical accountability: when a person—especially one expected to embody restraint and purity—appears degraded and violence-marked, society’s moral conscience is stirred. Recognition leads to shame and corrective speech, implying that dharma includes acknowledging fallenness and confronting it with principled admonition.
A brāhmaṇa sees someone arrive in a dreadful, fallen condition—so fearsome as to resemble a man-eater. He recognizes the person, feels ashamed (at the person’s state and its implications), and begins to speak, setting up a reprimand or moral instruction in the following lines.