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Shloka 23

Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)

ततो गच्छसि सिद्धार्थ:पीड्यमानं महाजनम्‌ | योगधर्मविदं पुण्यं कंचिदस्योपवर्णयेत्‌

tato gacchasi siddhārthaḥ pīḍyamānaṁ mahājanam | yogadharmavidaṁ puṇyaṁ kaṁcid asyopavarṇayet ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Então partirás com teu intento realizado. Depois disso, diante daquele rei, deves descrever a aflição do povo oprimido e também exaltar algum homem virtuoso que conheça o dharma do yoga. Com tal retrato, o rei inimigo pode ser levado a renunciar ao seu reino. (Mas, se ele permanecer inabalável e o desapego não nascer nele, então—por meio de homens por ti designados—deve-se empregar uma arte medicinal aperfeiçoada e comprovada, dita destruidora de todos os inimigos, para causar a morte dos elefantes, cavalos e soldados do adversário.)”

ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
गच्छसिyou go
गच्छसि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormLat (present), 2, singular, Parasmaipada
सिद्धार्थःone whose purpose is accomplished / successful
सिद्धार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पीड्यमानम्being afflicted/oppressed
पीड्यमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपीड्
Formpresent passive participle (शानच्), masculine, accusative, singular
महाजनम्the multitude / common people
महाजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाजन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
योगधर्मविदम्knower of the dharma of yoga
योगधर्मविदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोगधर्मविद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुण्यम्virtuous/holy
पुण्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कञ्चित्some (someone)
कञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Root
Formmasculine, accusative, singular, indefinite (चित्)
अस्यof him/of this
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
उपवर्णयेत्should describe/relate
उपवर्णयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउपवर्णय्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (unnamed, hostile/enemy king)
M
mahājana (the people/common populace)
Y
yogadharmavit puṇyātmā (a virtuous knower of yoga-dharma)
E
elephants
H
horses
S
soldiers/men

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames a strategy of moral persuasion: first move a hostile ruler by showing the suffering of the people and by praising a virtuous exemplar of yoga-dharma, so that renunciation or restraint may arise. The passage also reflects the tension in raja-dharma between ethical suasion and harsher measures when persuasion fails.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and policy, Bhishma advises how to influence an enemy king: narrate public suffering and highlight the greatness of a righteous, disciplined person to induce the enemy to abandon his claim. The accompanying prose context (as in the provided Hindi) continues with an escalation plan if the king remains unmoved.