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Shloka 11

जनकस्य युद्धोपदेशः — Janaka’s Instruction on Steadfast Battle-Conduct

सर्वे स्वर्गतिमिच्छन्ति सुयुद्धेनातिमन्यव: । क्षोभयेयुरनीकानि सागरं मकरा यथा

sarve svargatim icchanti suyuddhenātimanyavaḥ | kṣobhayeyur anīkāni sāgaraṃ makarā yathā ||

Disse Bhīṣma: Todos os nobres kshatriyas, ferozes em orgulho e valentia, anseiam alcançar o céu por meio de uma batalha justa. Por isso, como os makaras que revolvem e agitam o oceano, eles irrompem nas formações do inimigo e lançam os exércitos em tumulto—impelidos pela ira, pela ambição e pelo código do guerreiro que equipara o combate corajoso a um destino exaltado.

सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वर्गतिम्heaven-going, attainment of heaven
स्वर्गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्गति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छन्तिdesire
इच्छन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सुयुद्धेनby good battle, by valiant fighting
सुयुद्धेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अतिमन्यवःexceedingly wrathful, very angry
अतिमन्यवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षोभयेयुःwould agitate, might stir up
क्षोभयेयुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootक्षुभ्
FormOptative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनीकानिarmies, battle-formations
अनीकानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सागरम्the ocean
सागरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मकराःmakaras (sea-creatures)
मकराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
kshatriyas
S
svarga (heaven)
A
anīka (army/battle-formation)
S
sāgara (ocean)
M
makara

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a kshatriya ideal: many warriors seek heavenly merit through courageous, 'proper' combat, and this aspiration—mixed with pride and anger—drives them to shake enemy formations. It implicitly raises an ethical tension between dharmic duty in war and the passions that fuel violence.

Bhishma is describing the mindset and battlefield effect of elite kshatriyas: intent on winning heavenly reward through valor, they charge into opposing armies and create upheaval, compared to makaras stirring the ocean.