Shloka 22

Gadā-yuddhe Bhīma–Duryodhanayoḥ Tumulaḥ Saṃprahāraḥ

Mace-duel’s intense exchange

Devanagari script

वर्षमज्ञातवासस्य वनवासस्य चानघ । अद्यान्तमेषां दुःखानां गन्ताहं भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

varṣam ajñātavāsasya vanavāsasya cānagha |

adyāntam eṣāṁ duḥkhānāṁ gantāhaṁ bharatarṣabha ||

Translation

Sañjaya disse: “Ó irrepreensível, ó touro entre os Bhāratas! Hoje porei fim a estes sofrimentos que nasceram do ano de ocultação e do exílio na floresta.”

Word by Word

• वर्षम्: a year
• वर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अज्ञातवासस्य: of the incognito-dwelling (period of concealment)
• अज्ञातवासस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज्ञातवास
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वनवासस्य: of the forest-exile
• वनवासस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वनवास
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अनघ: O sinless one
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अद्य: today
• अद्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य

• अन्तम्: end
• अन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एषाम्: of these
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Common, Genitive, Plural

• दुःखानाम्: of sorrows
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• गन्ता: one who will bring about / accomplisher
• गन्ता: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: तृच् (agent noun), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Common, Nominative, Singular

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bharatarṣabha (honorific address to a Bharata prince/king)
• Ajñātavāsa (incognito exile)
• Vanavāsa (forest exile)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames exile-induced suffering as a moral burden seeking closure: endurance of hardship culminates in a decisive resolve to end the chain of pain, highlighting the ethical tension between righteous redress and the dangers of vengeance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a warrior’s resolve that, on this very day, he will end the sufferings connected with the Pandavas’ forest exile and their year of living incognito—setting a tone of final reckoning in the late-war context of the Śalya Parva.