Shloka 21
Gadā-yuddhe Bhīma–Duryodhanayoḥ Tumulaḥ Saṃprahāraḥ
Mace-duel’s intense exchange
प्रमाणकोट्यां पातस्य दाहस्य जतुवेश्मनि । सभायामवहासस्य सर्वस्वहरणस्यथ च
sañjaya uvāca |
pramāṇakoṭyāṃ pātasya dāhasya jatuveśmani |
sabhāyām avahāsasya sarvasvaharaṇasya ca ||
Disse Sañjaya: “(Ele recordou) a afronta de ter sido lançado às águas de Pramāṇakoṭī, a tentativa de queimá-lo na casa de laca, a humilhação pública na assembleia real e a tomada de todos os seus bens. Essas injúrias lembradas moldam uma crise moral: a decisão do orador de pôr fim ao próprio sofrimento retaliando aquele que repetidas vezes violou o parentesco, a justiça e os códigos da conduta régia.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse gathers a catalogue of grave violations—attempted murder, arson, public dishonor, and dispossession—showing how adharma accumulates consequences. Ethically, it highlights the tension between justified accountability and the consuming pull of vengeance, a recurring Mahābhārata concern.
Sanjaya reports a character’s recollection of past atrocities: being thrown into the Pramāṇakoṭī waters, the attempt to burn him in the lac-house, ridicule in the royal assembly, and the taking of his entire wealth. These memories are invoked to justify a resolve to bring those sufferings to an end through confrontation in the war context.