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Shloka 60

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

ततः स प्रद्रुतं संख्ये रथं दृष्टवा महारथः । अन्वधावत्‌ किरन्‌ बाणै: कड्कपत्रैरजिद्वागैः,फिर महारथी कर्ण युधिष्ठिरके सारथिरहित रथको रणभूमिमें इधर-उधर घूमते देख कंकपत्रयुक्त सीधे जानेवाले बाणोंकी वर्षा करता हुआ उनके पीछे-पीछे दौड़ने लगा

tataḥ sa pradrutaṃ saṅkhye rathaṃ dṛṣṭvā mahārathaḥ | anvadhāvat kiran bāṇaiḥ kaṅkapatrair ajidvagaiḥ ||

Disse Sañjaya: Então o grande guerreiro de carro, ao ver aquele carro correndo de um lado a outro no campo de batalha, perseguiu-o de perto, cobrindo-o com flechas—de voo reto, agudas, e emplumadas com penas de garça. A perseguição ressalta a pressão implacável da guerra: um instante de vulnerabilidade no campo (um carro sem cocheiro) é imediatamente explorado por um combatente poderoso, revelando que o êxito marcial muitas vezes depende de percepção rápida e agressão sem concessões, mais do que de misericórdia.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
प्रद्रुतम्running, fleeing, rushing
प्रद्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रद्रुत
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, locative, singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
अन्वधावत्followed, ran after
अन्वधावत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-धाव्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
किरन्scattering, showering
किरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकॄ (किरति)
FormPresent active participle, masculine nominative singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
कङ्कपत्रैःwith heron-feathered (arrows)
कङ्कपत्रैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकङ्कपत्र
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
अजिद्वागैःwith straight-going (unerring) (arrows)
अजिद्वागैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअजिद्वाग
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
mahāratha (great warrior)
R
ratha (chariot)
B
bāṇa (arrows)
K
kaṅka-patra (heron-feather fletching)
S
saṅkhya (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a hard truth of dharma in war: on the battlefield, alertness and decisive action dominate; when an opponent becomes exposed (a chariot rushing about without proper control), a powerful warrior immediately presses the advantage. It reflects the uncompromising nature of kṣatriya conduct in active combat rather than ideals of gentleness.

Sañjaya describes a great warrior noticing a chariot rushing about in the fight and chasing it, all the while raining down straight-flying, sharp arrows feathered with heron-plumes. In the surrounding Karṇa-parvan context, this is understood as Karṇa pursuing Yudhiṣṭhira’s chariot when it is in a vulnerable state.