Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Karṇa-vadha-pratyaya: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Verification of Karṇa’s Fall (कर्णवध-प्रत्ययः)

कृपश्च कृतवर्मा च शकुनिश्चापि सौबल:,शूरसेनै: शूरवरैर्युयुधुर्युद्धदुर्मदा: । रथियोंकी सेनामें प्रहार करनेमें कुशल कृपाचार्य, कृतवर्मा और सुबलपुत्र शकुनि--ये रणदुर्मद वीर अत्यन्त कुपित हो हर्षमें भरी हुई सेना साथ लेकर कोसल काशि, मत्स्य, करूष, केकय तथा शूरसेनदेशीय शूरवीरोंके साथ युद्ध करने लगे

sañjaya uvāca | kṛpaś ca kṛtavarmā ca śakuniś cāpi saubalaḥ, śūrasenaiḥ śūravaraiḥ yuyudhur yuddha-durmadāḥ |

Sañjaya disse: Kripa, Kritavarmā e também Śakuni, filho de Subala—guerreiros embriagados pelo frenesi da batalha—travaram combate feroz ao lado dos maiores heróis dos Śūrasenas. O verso ressalta como líderes experientes, movidos pela ira e pela exaltação marcial, avançam para o combate, intensificando a destruição da guerra; e reaparece a tensão ética recorrente do Mahābhārata: proeza e lealdade podem ser postas a serviço da cólera e da ambição.

कृपःKripa
कृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतवर्माKritavarman
कृतवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सौबलःson of Subala (Saubala)
सौबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शूरसेनैःwith the Shurasenas
शूरसेनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशूरसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शूरवरैःwith excellent heroes
शूरवरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशूरवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युयुधुःthey fought
युयुधुः:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
युद्धदुर्मदाःmad with battle-fury
युद्धदुर्मदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्ध-दुर्मद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
K
Kṛtavarmā
Ś
Śakuni
S
Subala
Ś
Śūrasenas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how martial skill and leadership, when fueled by anger and the intoxication of combat (yuddha-durmada), can accelerate violence. It reflects the epic’s ethical concern that valor without restraint and discernment (viveka) becomes a force of ruin, even when performed under the banner of duty.

Sañjaya reports that Kṛpa, Kṛtavarmā, and Śakuni (son of Subala) are actively engaging in battle, fighting together with prominent Śūrasena heroes. It situates these Kaurava-aligned commanders in the thick of the fighting as the war intensifies.