Mahabharata 7.191.65 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 191, Shloka 65

Devanagari script

तत एनं हनिष्यन्ति पठ्चाला हतरक्षिणम्‌ | कौरवेयांस्तत: पार्थ: सहसा समुपाद्रवत्‌,“जब इनके रक्षक मारे जायँगे, तभी पांचाल वीर इन्हें मार सकेंगे।! तब अर्जुनने सहसा कौरवयोद्धाओंपर आक्रमण किया

Transliteration

tata enaṃ haniṣyanti pāñcālā hatarakṣiṇam | kauraveyāṃs tataḥ pārthaḥ sahasā samupādravat ||

Translation

Sañjaya disse: “Somente quando seus protetores tiverem sido mortos é que os guerreiros de Pāñcāla poderão matá-lo.” Então Pārtha (Arjuna), num ímpeto de decisão, investiu de súbito contra os combatentes Kaurava.

Word by Word

• तत्: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: indeclinable (adverbial use: 'then/thereupon')

• एनम्: him/this one
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• हनिष्यन्ति: will kill
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: simple future, parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural

• पाञ्चालाः: the Panchalas
• पाञ्चालाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चाल
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• हत: killed/slain
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन्
• Form: past passive participle (kta), masculine accusative singular (as first member of compound)

• रक्षिणम्: protector/guard
• रक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षिन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• हतरक्षिणम्: one whose protector(s) are slain / unguarded
• हतरक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हतरक्षिन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• कौरवेयान्: the Kaurava warriors/sons of Kuru
• कौरवेयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरवेय
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'then/thereafter/from that')

• पार्थः: Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• सहसा: suddenly/at once
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा
• Form: indeclinable (adverb)

• समुपाद्रवत्: rushed upon/attacked
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+उप+आ+द्रु
• Form: aorist (luṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pāñcālas
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Kauravas (Kauraveyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a harsh wartime logic: a protected figure becomes reachable only after his defenders are removed. It implicitly raises ethical tension in kṣatriya-dharma—victory often depends on dismantling protective formations, yet this can blur the line between direct heroism and strategic necessity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya explains that the Pāñcālas can kill the intended target only after his guards are slain. Hearing/realizing this, Arjuna immediately rushes to attack the Kaurava warriors, aiming to break their protective screen.