Mahabharata 7.116.83 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 116, Shloka 83

Śaineya’s Breakthrough and Reunion with Arjuna (शैनेयस्य समागमः)

Devanagari script

भ्रामयित्वा महच्चर्म चामीकरविभूषितम्‌ । तमसिं प्रेषयामास कृतवर्मरथं प्रति,उसने स्वर्णभूषित विशाल ढालको घुमाकर कृतवर्मके रथपर वह तलवार दे मारी

Transliteration

bhrāmayitvā mahac carma cāmīkaravibhūṣitam | tam asiṁ preṣayāmāsa kṛtavarmarathaṁ prati ||

Translation

Disse Sañjaya: Tendo feito girar um grande escudo adornado de ouro, arremessou sua espada na direção do carro de Kṛtavarman.

Word by Word

• भ्रामयित्वा: having whirled/caused to whirl
• भ्रामयित्वा: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्रम्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद (usage), —, —, —

• महत्: great, large
• महत्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• चर्म: shield (leather shield)
• चर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• चामीकर-विभूषितम्: adorned with gold
• चामीकर-विभूषितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विभूषित (वि + भूष्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन, क्त (past passive participle)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• असिम्: sword
• असिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: असि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रेषयामास: sent/shot/caused to be hurled
• प्रेषयामास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + इष्
• Form: लिट् (periphrastic perfect), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• कृतवर्म-रथम्: the chariot of Kṛtavarman
• कृतवर्म-रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रति: towards, against
• प्रति: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति
• Form: true

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛtavarman
• ratha (chariot)
• carman (shield)
• asi (sword)
• gold ornamentation (cāmīkara-vibhūṣaṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in the press of war, prowess and tactical aggression dominate conduct; it implicitly invites reflection on how quickly ethical restraint can be overridden when conflict escalates, a recurring moral tension throughout the Mahābhārata.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a combat moment: a warrior spins a large gold-adorned shield and then throws his sword toward Kṛtavarman’s chariot, indicating a direct, forceful assault aimed at disabling or striking the chariot-borne fighter.