Shloka 46

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

ततः प्राग्ज्योतिष: क्रुद्धस्तोमरान्‌ वै चतुर्दश

Transliteration

tataḥ prāgjyotiṣaḥ kruddhas tomarān vai caturdaśa

Translation

Sañjaya disse: Então o senhor de Prāgjyotiṣa, enfurecido, arremessou catorze lanças—uma escalada de força que mostra como a ira no campo de batalha impele os guerreiros a atos cada vez mais letais, apertando o ciclo da violência.

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereupon
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/then')

• प्राग्ज्योतिषः: the king of Pragjyotiṣa (Bhagadatta)
• प्राग्ज्योतिषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राग्ज्योतिष
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• तोमरान्: javelins/spears
• तोमरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोमर
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• वै: indeed/verily
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: Avyaya (emphatic particle)

• चतुर्दश: fourteen
• चतुर्दश: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्दश
• Form: Numeral (indeclinable in form here), qualifying accusative plural 'तोमरान्'

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• प्राग्ज्योतिष (Prāgjyotiṣa)
• तोमर (tomara; spear/javelin)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) in war rapidly intensifies harm: once wrath takes over, actions become more excessive and destructive, undermining restraint and dharmic self-control even within a warrior’s code.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the warrior-king associated with Prāgjyotiṣa, inflamed with rage, throws fourteen spears at his opponent(s), marking a sharp increase in the ferocity of the exchange.