Mahabharata 6.94.4 — Bhishma Parva, Adhyaya 94, Shloka 4

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

त॑ श्रुत्वा सुमहानादं तव सैन्यस्थ भारत

Transliteration

taṁ śrutvā sumahānādaṁ tava sainyastha bhārata

Translation

Sañjaya disse: Ó Bhārata, ao ouvirem dentro do teu exército aquele brado imensamente grande, os guerreiros foram agitados.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (sound/roar)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• सुमहानादम्: a very great roar
• सुमहानादम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमहानाद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• सैन्यस्थ: O one stationed in the army
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सैन्यस्थ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as Bhārata)
• Kaurava army (tava sainya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how the external momentum of war—symbolized by a massive roar—can sweep through an army, reminding the listener that collective action in conflict carries grave ethical consequences and demands discernment about dharma even amid martial excitement.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a tremendous sound has arisen within the Kaurava forces; it signals heightened battle intensity and the troops’ agitation as the confrontation escalates.