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Shloka 31

Adhyāya 69: Strategic duels under Bhīṣma’s command

Virāṭa–Bhīṣma; Arjuna–Aśvatthāmā; Bhīma–Duryodhana; Abhimanyu–Lakṣmaṇa

मा पाण्डवै: सार्थमिति तत्‌ त्वं मोहान्न बुध्यसे । मन्ये त्वां राक्षसं क्रूरं तथा चासि तमोवृत:

bhīṣma uvāca |

mā pāṇḍavaiḥ sārtham iti tat tvaṁ mohān na budhyase |

manye tvāṁ rākṣasaṁ krūraṁ tathā cāsi tamo-vṛtaḥ, tāta |

vedānte pāraṅgatair vidvadbhir maharṣibhiḥ tathā mayā ca tvaṁ nivāritaḥ |

yathā dhanurdharaṁ bhagavantaṁ vāsudevaṁ prati virodhaṁ na kuryāḥ, pāṇḍavaiḥ saha yuddhaṁ na kuryāḥ |

parantu mohavaśāt tvayā etad-vacanaṁ na gaṇitam |

rākṣasavat hi te buddhiḥ sadā tamoguṇena āvṛtā iti ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Por delírio, tu não compreendes que não deves ir ao campo de batalha contra os Pāṇḍava. Considero-te um rākṣasa cruel, pois tua mente está velada pela escuridão. Os grandes ṛṣi, sábios versados no Vedānta, e eu também te advertimos: não te oponhas ao Senhor Vāsudeva, o arqueiro; não faças guerra aos Pāṇḍava. Contudo, dominado pela ilusão, não deste valor a esses conselhos. Teu intelecto, como o dos rākṣasa, permanece sempre coberto pela qualidade de tamas.”

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सार्थम्together (with)
सार्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्थम्
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तत्that (advice/statement)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
मोहात्from delusion / due to delusion
मोहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुध्यसेyou understand / you realize
बुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormLat, Present, Atmanepada, Second, Singular
मन्येI think
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormLat, Present, Atmanepada, First, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
राक्षसम्a rakshasa/demon
राक्षसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्रूरम्cruel
क्रूरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाso/indeed
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormLat, Present, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
तमः-वृतःcovered by darkness (tamas)
तमः-वृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतमोवृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one / son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Pandavas
V
Vasudeva (Krishna)
M
Maharshis (great seers)
V
Vedanta
R
Rakshasa

Educational Q&A

Delusion (moha) and tamas cloud moral discernment, leading one to reject wise counsel and oppose dharma; resisting the righteous side—here aligned with Vasudeva and the Pandavas—is portrayed as a sign of a darkened, destructive disposition.

Bhishma rebukes the addressed person for ignoring repeated warnings from seers and from Bhishma himself not to oppose Krishna (Vasudeva) and not to fight the Pandavas, interpreting this obstinacy as tamasic, rakshasa-like cruelty.