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Shloka 193

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

प्रायाच्छरणद: शीघ्र सुहृदां हर्षवर्धन: । उस रथपर बहुत-सी पताकाएँ फहरा रही थीं। उसमें बकपंक्तिके समान श्वेतवर्णवाले चार घोड़े जुते हुए थे। उसके अत्यन्त ऊँचे ध्वजके ऊपर एक वानर भयंकर गर्जना करता था। उस रथके पहियोंकी घरघराहट मेघकी गर्जनाके समान गम्भीर थी तथा वह रथ अनन्त तेज (कान्ति)-से सम्पन्न था। उस विशाल रथपर आरूढ़ हो पाण्डुनन्दन अर्जुन

sañjaya uvāca | prāyāc charaṇadaḥ śīghraṃ suhṛdāṃ harṣavardhanaḥ |

Disse Sañjaya: Avançou velozmente Arjuna, filho de Pāṇḍu—protetor dos que buscam refúgio e alegria dos seus bem-querentes. Montado naquele vasto carro, radiante de esplendor, de onde tremulavam muitas bandeiras, atrelado a quatro cavalos brancos como uma fileira de grous, com um estandarte altíssimo coroado por um macaco que rugia terrivelmente, e cujas rodas ressoavam profundas como o trovão das nuvens, ele atravessou o campo de batalha abatendo o exército dos Kauravas e os guerreiros da terra de Śūrasena, e apressou-se em direção a Bhīṣma.

प्रायात्went forth / proceeded
प्रायात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु)
Formलुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, parasmaipada
अच्छरणदःgiver of refuge
अच्छरणदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशरणद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
Kriya-vishesana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सुहृदाम्of friends / well-wishers
सुहृदाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
हर्षवर्धनःincreaser of joy
हर्षवर्धनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहर्ष-वर्धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Arjuna (Pāṇḍunandana)
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kaurava army
Ś
Śūrasena warriors/region
A
Arjuna’s chariot
F
Four white horses
B
Banners/flags
C
Chariot wheels
M
Monkey on the standard (Hanumān emblem)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined martial duty: Arjuna advances decisively as a protector of those who rely on him, suggesting that power in war is ethically framed as responsibility toward allies and dependents, not mere aggression.

Sanjaya describes Arjuna riding his magnificent chariot—marked by many banners, four white horses, and the monkey emblem on the standard—cutting through Kaurava and Śūrasena fighters and moving swiftly to confront Bhīṣma.